왕위 계승 문제와 해석 가능성에 관한 고찰 - 솔로몬 계승 이야기(왕상 1장)를 중심으로 -
A Study on the Problem of Succession to the Throne and the Possibilities of Interpretation: Focus on the Story of Solomon’s Succession (1 Kings Chapter 1)
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열왕기상 1장에 기록된 솔로몬 계승 이야기는 이스라엘에 왕조가 시작되는 중요한 사건을 묘사한다. 역사가는 이 사건을 묘사하되 가치평가는 하지 않았다. 역사가는 다윗의 노년의 상황이 솔로몬의 계승에 어떤 영향을 주었는지에 대해서 직접적인 언급을 하지 않았다. 또한 나단과 밧세바 사이에 오고 간 대화가 솔로몬의 계승에 어떤 영향을 주었는지에 대한 평가도 하지 않았다. 다만 역사가는 계승 과정이 불법적인 것으로 해석될 가능성과 합법적인 것으로 해석될 가능성 모두를 열어 둔 것으로 보인다. 역사가는 솔로몬 계승에 대한 평가에 있어 자유로웠다. 역사가가 평가의 모든 책임을 떠 안을 필요도 없었다. 다만 역사가는 양 갈래의 평가가 가능한 자료를 수집하여 최종 본문으로 편집함으로써 독자에게 다양한 해석의 가능성을 열어 주었다. 결국 솔로몬 계승 이야기는 독자의 상황과 태도에 따라 다른 의미를 생산한다. 이는 본문 자체가 열린 텍스트로 기능하고 있음을 보여준다. 역사가가 자유롭게 자료를 활용한 것과 같이, 독자 역시 본문을 자유롭게 활용할 가능성이 열려 있기 때문이다. 역사가는 왕조의 시작에 대한 자신의 가치평가를 숨김으로써 자신이 해석의 책임으로부터 자유로웠을 뿐 아니라, 계승 이야기가 담아내는 부정적 요소와 긍정적 요소 모두를 취사선택하게 함으로써 회복의 시대에 새로운 출발을 꿈꾸는 독자들에게 새로운 공동체의 모습이 극복해야 할 부분과 강화해야 할 부분을 더욱 명시적으로 제시할 수 있었다.
Abstract
The story of Solomon’s Succession, recorded in 1 Kings chapter 1, depicts an important event which occurred when the dynasty started in Israel. The historian portrayed the event, yet he did not evaluate its value. The historian made no direct comment on how the conditions of the later years of David affected Solomon’s succession, nor did he assess how the talks between Nathan and Bathsheba influenced the succession. However, the historian seems to have left open both the possibility of the succession process to be interpreted as unlawful and the possibility of it to be interpreted as justifiable. He was free in assessing Solomon’s succession to throne. There was no need for him to take all the responsibility of evaluating the event. The historian merely collected data that could be interpreted in both ways and edited them into the final text to enable the readers to be opened to various possibilities for interpretation. Eventually, Solomon’s succession story produces different meanings depending on the situations and attitudes of the readers. This shows that the text itself functions as an open text, because just as the historian freely used data, readers are also open to the possibility of freely using the text. By concealing his evaluation of the start of the dynasty and allowing the readers to choose both the negative and positive elements contained in the succession story, the historian himself was not only free from the responsibility of interpretation, but also able to present more explicitly what the new communities should overcome and what should be strengthened to readers who are dreaming of a new start in the age of recovery.
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