자기평가의 정확도와 수행 및 개인특성 간의 관계
The self-assessment accuracy and its relationship with performance and individual characteristics
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본 연구는 자기평가의 정확도에 따라 수행의 준거에서 차이가 있는지 살펴보고자 158명의 대학생들을 대상으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 자기평가의 정확도를 ‘조별과제 참여도에 대한 자기평가-타인평가의 일치도’로 정의한 후, Atwater와 Yammarino(1997)의 방식대로 자기평가와 타인평가의 고저에 따라 자기평가의 정확도를 네 개 유형으로 분류하였다. 첫 번째는 조별과제 참여도에 대한 자기평가와 타인평가 점수가 모두 높은 일치-참여高 집단, 두 번째는 조별과제 참여도에 대한 자기평가와 타인평가 점수가 모두 낮은 일치-참여低 집단, 세 번째는 조별과제 참여도에 대한 자기평가 점수는 높으나 타인평가 점수는 낮은 과대평가 집단, 마지막으로 조별과제 참여도에 대해 자기평가 점수는 낮으나 타인평가 점수는 높은 과소평가 집단으로 구분하였다. 수행의 지표에서 일치-참여高 집단이 다른 세 집단보다 양호한 수행을 나타낼 것이라는 가설을 검증하기 위해 일원변량분석과 사후분석을 실시한 결과, 일치-참여高 집단이 일치-참여低 집단과 과대평가 집단보다 유의하게 높은 수행을 나타냄으로써 가설을 부분적으로 지지하였다. 아울러 개인특성 변인(내적 통제소재, 자존감, 자기효능감, 성실성 및 신경증적 경향)에 있어서 일치-참여高 집단이 다른 세 집단보다 양호한 수준을 나타낼 것이라는 가설을 검증하고자 하였고, 일치-참여高 집단이 구체적 자기효능감과 성실성에서 일부 집단보다 유의하게 양호한 수준을 나타내 개인특성 변인과 관련된 가설의 일부를 지지하였다.
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of self-assessment accuracy on individual performance. The self-assessment accuracy was defined as the degree of agreement between self- and other-assessments. A total of 158 subjects assessed themselves and others in their groups on the extent to which they actively participate in their group-based task. Following the method of Atwater and Yammarino (1997), subjects were classified into four groups. Individuals assessed as high by self and others, low by self and others, high by self and low by others, and low by self and high by others were categorized as in-agreement/high assessors, in-agreement/low assessors, over-estimators, and under-estimators, respectively. To test the hypothesis that in-agreement/high assessors will show greater performance than in-agreement/low assessors, over-estimators, and under-estimators, one-way ANOVAs and post-hoc analysies were used. The results showed that in-agreement/high assessors showed greater performance (i.e., final record) than in-agreement/low assessors and over-estimators, and so the hypothesis was partially supported. In addition, this study tested the hypotheses that in-agreement/high assessors will show better indices in such individual characteristics as internal locus of control, self-esteem, self-efficacy, conscientiousness, and neuroticism than in-agreement/low assessors, over-estimators, and under-estimators. The results showed that in-agreement/high assessors showed higher self-efficacy and conscientiousness than in-agreement/low assessors, and so the hypotheses were partially supported.
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