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변칙적 행동에 대한 작업 과부하, 향상 초점, 경쟁 인식의 상호작용 및 팀 수준 반생산적 풍토의 영향

The Effect of Work Overload on Cut-corner Behavior: Interaction Effects of Promotion Regulatory Focus, Psychological Competition and Team-Level Counterproductive Climate

한태영|이진욱
한국산업및조직심리학회 (Korean Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology)|2021.11|한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직 (Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology)|제34권 제4호|pp. 751-772|DOI https://doi.org/10.24230/kjiop.v34i4.751-772

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향상 초점Work Overload변칙적 행동작업과부하경쟁 인식반생산적 풍토Cut-cornerPromotion Regulatory FocusPsychological CompetitionCounterproductive Climate
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 개인이 업무에서 느끼는 부담과 동료와의 경쟁을 인식하는 상황에서 보다 효율적으로 행동하도록 요구하는 최근 조직 환경을 주목하여 조직 구성원이 전략적인 변칙적 행동과 관련되는 요인을 파악하고자 한다. 변칙적 행동은 정해진 규정과 다르게 자신의 기준 내에서 융통성을 발휘하여 자원의 사용을 줄이기 위한 조직행동이다. 본 연구를 통해 개인특성 및 환경특성이 변칙적 행동에 미치는 영향을 하였으며, 이러한 요인들 간의 역동성과 관련한 작업 과부하의 영향을 중심으로 검증하였다. 개인특성으로 향상초점을 고려하고, 심리적 풍토로서 경쟁 인식을 포함하였으며, 작업과부하와 이들 간의 삼원상호작용 효과를 검증하였다. 또한, 팀 풍토로서 반생산적 풍토를 교차수준(cross-level)에서 고찰하였으며, 반생산적 작업행동 연구를 기반으로 측정에서 참조이동 배합모형을 활용하여 다수준 방법론을 적용하였다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 조직의 37개 팀에서 141명을 대상으로 수집한 자료를 분석에 사용하였다. 분석결과, 작업 과부하는 변칙적 행동에 정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 과부하와 향상 초점의 상호작용은 변칙적 행동에 유의미한 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났으나, 경쟁 인식과의 삼원상호작용(작업 과부하 × 향상 초점 × 경쟁 인식)은 유의미한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 교차수준 분석결과에서는 변칙적 행동에 대한 작업 과부하와 반생산적 풍토의 상호작용효과가 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 이에 대한 연구결과를 바탕으로 연구의 시사점과 제한점, 및 향후연구의 방향을 제시하였다.

Abstract

This study investigated in what context and climate employees engage in cut-corner behavior. Cut-corner is an organizational behavior aimed at reducing the use of individual or organizational resources by being flexible within one’s own standards. In this study, we focused on the pressure employees feel on their work and the perceived competition with colleagues. We primarily examined the effect of work overload as a major factor influencing cut-corner behavior. We also tested that promotion regulatory focus as individual variable and psychological competition as contextual factor that have interaction effects to cut-corner. We further examined that counterproductive climate as an environmental factor, and applied a multi-level methodology using reference-shift composition model from the counterproductive behavior. For analyses, We used data collected from 141 people from 37 teams of various organizations. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the work overload has a positive effects on the cut-corner. The promotion regulatory focus has no significant interaction effect between work overload and cut-corner, whereas the three-way interaction with psychological competitive (work overload × promotion regulatory focus × psychological competition) has significant effect. Cross-level analysis found significant interaction effects between work overload and counterproductive climate on cut-corner behavior. Implications and suggestions for future research were provided based on the findings.

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