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직장 내 괴롭힘에 대한 팀 요인의 영향 및 팀 내 권력불균형의 상호작용효과

The effect of team factors on workplace bullying in team: Interaction effects of power imbalance in team

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주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구에서는 국내의 다양한 조직에서 문제로 부각되는 직장 내 괴롭힘(workplace bullying)의 영향요인을 개인 및 팀수준에서 연구하였으며, 인사평가에 따른 분배공정성과 경쟁적 풍토가 직장 내 괴롭힘에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 또한 이러한 선행변인의 영향이 팀수준의 권력불균형에 따라 달라지는지를 분석하여, 직장 내 괴롭힘에 대한 영향력이 존재하는 수준(locus of level)에 대한 상호작용효과를 살펴보았다. 팀제를 실시하는 조직에서 팀원만을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였으며 33개 팀 175명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 연구가설의 검증을 위해 다수준분석으로 WABA(Within And Between Analysis)를 사용하고, 권력불균형의 상호작용효과는 WABA의 MRA(Multiple Relation Analysis)로 검증하였다. 연구 결과, 평가공정성과 직장 내 괴롭힘 간의 관계는 팀과 개인수준 모두에 존재하며, 경쟁적 풍토는 직장 내 괴롭힘과 팀수준 관계로 확인되었다. 권력불균형에 따라 선행변인의 영향이 다른 수준에서 나타나는 상호작용효과도 유의미하였다. 즉, 평가공정성은 권력불균형이 낮은 경우 팀수준 관계가 크며, 경쟁적 풍토는 권력불균형이 높은 경우 개인수준에서 관련성을 보였다. 이를 바탕으로 학문적 및 실무적 시사점을 제안하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of workplace bullying, a magnifying issue in various local organizations, at the individual and the team level, and to examine the effects of distributive fairness and competitive climate on workplace bullying. The study also examined whether effects of the antecedents show different patterns by team-level power imbalance, which indicates the interaction effect on bullying in the workplace in terms of the locus of level. The data was collected from 175 team members of 33 teams. In order to test the research hypotheses, WABA (Within And Between Analysis) was used as a multilevel analysis and the interaction effect of power imbalance was analysed by Multiple Relation Analysis (MRA) of the WABA. Results showed that the relationship between fairness and bullying primarily existed at both the team and individual levels, and the competitive climate was related with bullying at the team level. Interaction effects of power imbalance were also significant, making the effects of antecedents locate at different level. The fairness of evaluation is high at the team level when the power imbalance is low, whereas the competitive climate showed a relationship at the individual level when the power imbalance is high. Based on the results, the study provided theoretical and practical implications.

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