일터에서의 그릿에 대한 이해: 일 지향성을 중심으로
Understanding Grit in the Workplace: Based on Work Orientation
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초록
본 연구는 대한민국 직장인 361명을 대상으로 일터에서 나타나는 그릿의 특성을 탐색하기 위한 목적으로 실시되었다. 먼저 그릿점수의 중앙값을 기준으로 높은 그릿집단(198명)을 선별하였으며 군집분석을 통해 높은 그릿집단 내에 일 지향성(직업 지향성, 경력 지향성, 소명 지향성)에 따른 이질적인 군집의 유무를 확인하고자 하였다. 또한 각 군집에 따라 일터에서의 태도 및 행동에 차이를 보이는지 확인하기 위하여 조직시민행동, 잡 크래프팅, 삶 만족, 직무 만족, 일 중독, 이직의도 등의 조직 관련 변인에서의 차이를 검증하였다. 군집분석 결과(군집변인: 일 지향성), 직업 지향이 높은 ‘직업 지향 그릿’ 군집(22%), 일 지향성이 모두 평균수준인 ‘중립적 일 지향 그릿’ 군집(50%), 경력과 소명 지향이 높은 ‘소명 지향 그릿’ 군집(28%)으로 구분되었다. 다음으로 일원배치 분산분석 및 사후분석 결과, 소명 지향 그릿 군집은 다른 두 군집과 비교할 때, 이직의도가 가장 낮고, 조직시민행동, 잡 크래프팅, 직무 및 삶 만족, 그리고 일 중독 수준이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 반대로 직업지향 그릿 군집은 이직의도가 가장 높았으며 나머지 다른 조직 및 직무 관련 변인들이 가장 낮은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 마지막으로 중립적 일 지향 그릿 군집은 두 군집과 비교할 때 중간 정도 수준의 특성을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 다양한 이론 및 실무적 함의점을 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the characteristics of Korean grit in the workplace. We conducted a cluster analysis to identify gritty workers' subgroups based on their work orientation(job, career, and calling). Organization-related variables such as organizational citizenship behavior, job crafting, job satisfaction, life satisfaction, workaholic, and intention to leave were used to explore potential group-specific differences. Among 361 Korean workers, the gritty worker group (n = 198) was selected based on the median score of grit. Our results show that gritty workers were subdivided into three groups: job-oriented grit(n = 44), neutral-oriented grit(n = 98), calling-oriented grit(n = 56). Calling-oriented grit scored mostly the highest in our study variables except intention to leave. However, job-oriented grit scored the highest in intention to leave, but mostly the lowest in the rest of the study variables. Our results suggest that not only grit but also their work orientation should be considered to improve understanding of grit in the Korean workplace.
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