목표지향성이 잡 크래프팅에 미치는 효과: 내재 동기의 매개효과
The mediating effect of intrinsic motivation between goal orientation and job crafting
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초록
본 연구는 목표지향성과 잡 크래프팅 간의 관계에서 내재 동기가 구성원의 잡 크래프팅 행동을 유발하는 심리적 메커니즘으로 작용하는지 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 개인의 목표지향성이 내재 동기와 외재 동기에 미치는 영향과 내재 동기가 잡 크래프팅에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 목표지향성과 잡 크래프팅의 관계를 내재 동기가 매개하는지 실증적으로 검증하고자 하였다. 또한 경쟁모형으로 외재 동기와 잡 크래프팅의 관계를 확인하여 잡 크래프팅에 대한 내재 동기와 외재 동기의 차별적 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 온라인 설문조사를 통해 만 19세 이상 정규직 333명을 최종 분석에 활용하였다. 연구결과, 학습목표지향성은 내재 동기를, 성과접근 목표지향성은 내재 동기와 외재 동기를 모두 정적으로 예측했고, 성과회피 목표지향성은 외재 동기를 정적으로 예측했다. 또한, 내재 동기는 잡 크래프팅에 정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 학습목표지향성과 성과접근 목표지향성이 잡 크래프팅에 미치는 영향을 내재 동기가 매개하였다. 추가적으로 잡 크래프팅에 대한 외재 동기의 매개효과 확인을 위해 경쟁모형을 설정하여 연구모형과 비교한 결과, 내재 동기만 잡 크래프팅을 매개하는 연구모형이 적합하고 간명한 모형인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로, 본 연구의 의의, 한계점 및 추후 연구방향 등을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine whether intrinsic motivation acts as a psychological mechanism that induces members' job crafting behavior in the relationship between goal orientation and job crafting. To explore this, we collected data by surveying full-time workers aging 19 or older online and used 333 participants for the final analysis. The results showed that mastery goal orientation positively predicted intrinsic motivation, and performance-approach goal orientation positively predicted both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Also, performance-avoidance goal orientation statically predicted extrinsic motivation. In addition, intrinsic motivation had a positive effect on job crafting, and relationship between goal orientation and job crafting was mediated by intrinsic motivation. Besides, a competition model was set up to check whether there is a mediating effect of extrinsic motivation on job crafting and compared with the research model. As a result, the research model that mediates job crafting only with intrinsic motivation was found to be a suitable and simple model. The implications and limitations of this study and directions for future research are addressed in the final part.
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