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淸代의 人口移動과 天主敎徒 ― 四川 天主敎徒의 移住民 性格을 중심으로 ―

Migration and Christians in Qing: Christians as immigrants in Sichuan society

이준갑
명청사학회 (The Society For Ming-Qing Historical Studies)|2015.04|명청사연구 (Journal of Ming-Qing Historical Studies)|제43호|pp. 175-215|DOI 10.31329/jmhs.2015..43.006

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참고문헌

키워드

移住民immigrant人口移動migrationmissionarySichuan移民Catholic淸代四川宣敎師天主敎徒傳敎士 Qing period
주제분류역사학

초록

Abstract

In this article, I have analysed the cause of Catholic missionary work of Sichuan in connection with the migration occurred in Qing period. It was the characteristic of Catholic history in Qing period Sichuan that the immigrants Catholic had played an important role in mission work. The Catholic immigrants helped one another on the basis of their religious belief as well as blood ties and regionalism and settled down successfully in Sichuan. The Catholic immigrants from many other provinces had their own ways of settlement according to their domicile of origin. Generally speaking, the Catholic immigrants from Huguang(Hubei and Hunan) settled down in Sichuan as peasant. They could take possession of unowned land for nothing in Sichuan because their home was closer to it than any other provinces. The Catholic immigrants from Jiangxi settled down in Sichuan as merchants, because most of them had traded in many products in their home. The survived native who had lived in Sichuan from Ming period or earlier could take possession of unowned land for nothing like immigrants from Huguang. The native Catholic spreaded the gospel not only Sichuan but also Guizhou, Shanxi(陝西). Their scope of activities was wider than the Catholic immigrants from Huguang, Jiangxi whose spreading gospel activity was not beyond Sichuan. From Shunzhi to Kangxi reign, the social conflicts between Catholic and non-Catholic were not serious, because the living conditions of Sichuan were not poor. And local magistrate's suppression on Catholic was not severe. After Yongzheng reign, Both the social conflicts between Catholic and non-Catholic and the local magistrate's suppression on Catholic were more and more severe. Because the living conditions of Sichuan became poor and the believing in Catholicism was more strictly prohibited by Qing dynasty. Especially, after Jiaqing reign, non-Catholic Sichuan people began to gang upon on Catholic.

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