嘉慶年間(1796~1820)의 天主敎 傳播와 淸朝의 對應
Catholic missionary work and the reaction of Qing dynasty in Jiaqing reign(1796~1820)
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In this study I have investigated what are the characteristics of Jiaqing reign in the history of Catholic missionary work during Qing China. The important changes with relation to the Catholic missionary work in Jiaqing reign are as follows. First, the participation in Catholic missionary work by Eight Banners men including Manchu banner men began to appear in Jiaqing reign. Second, long distance trade roads between Sichuan and Guizhou were begun to use as the roads of inner mission from Qianlong-Jiaqing reign by Sichuan Catholic-merchants. Third, the method of Catholic missionary work by Catholic and their consciousness were influenced by Jiaqing White Lotus Rebellion. Emperor Jiaqing and his ministers gave themselves trouble about preventing Catholic missionary work by issuing new regulations, for example, management regulation of the churches in Beijing(xiyangtangguanlizhangcheng), special punishment regulation of Catholic(tianzhujiaozhizuizhuantiao), punishment regulation of officials missing to control Catholic missionary work(shichaguanyuanchufatiaoli). Qing officials could handle Catholic incidents consistently through these new regulations. They did not need to refer old prohibition regulations of Catholicism which had made from Kangxi to Qianlong reign in case of judging Catholic. They had no choice but to refer old regulations which had made from Kangxi reign to Qianlong one by one till the first half of the Jiaqing reign. As the new regulations were made at the second half of the Jiaqing reign, the old ones were useless. The new regulations were referred as the only one standard in judging Catholic by officials. So we can say that the Jiaqing reign different from former times is an epoch making time in Catholic history of Qing dynasty.
Abstract
In this study I have investigated what are the characteristics of Jiaqing reign in the history of Catholic missionary work during Qing China. The important changes with relation to the Catholic missionary work in Jiaqing reign are as follows. First, the participation in Catholic missionary work by Eight Banners men including Manchu banner men began to appear in Jiaqing reign. Second, long distance trade roads between Sichuan and Guizhou were begun to use as the roads of inner mission from Qianlong-Jiaqing reign by Sichuan Catholic-merchants. Third, the method of Catholic missionary work by Catholic and their consciousness were influenced by Jiaqing White Lotus Rebellion. Emperor Jiaqing and his ministers gave themselves trouble about preventing Catholic missionary work by issuing new regulations, for example, management regulation of the churches in Beijing(xiyangtangguanlizhangcheng), special punishment regulation of Catholic(tianzhujiaozhizuizhuantiao), punishment regulation of officials missing to control Catholic missionary work(shichaguanyuanchufatiaoli). Qing officials could handle Catholic incidents consistently through these new regulations. They did not need to refer old prohibition regulations of Catholicism which had made from Kangxi to Qianlong reign in case of judging Catholic. They had no choice but to refer old regulations which had made from Kangxi reign to Qianlong one by one till the first half of the Jiaqing reign. As the new regulations were made at the second half of the Jiaqing reign, the old ones were useless. The new regulations were referred as the only one standard in judging Catholic by officials. So we can say that the Jiaqing reign different from former times is an epoch making time in Catholic history of Qing dynasty.
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