Family and Parental influence on the development of children with disabilities
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본 연구는 가족기능, 사회적 지원, 부모양육 스트레스, 그리고 어머니 상호작용 유형이 장애를 가진 어린 아동의 발달에 미치는 영향을 검증하고자 하였다. 연구 참여자는 자폐증/ 광범위성 발달장애(PDD)로 진단되었거나, 또는 일반적인 발달장애를 가진 50명의 아동과 그 어머니들이다. 자료 수집은 어머니와 아동의 상호작용 평가를 위해 비디오 촬영이 이루어졌으며, 가족기능, 사회적 지원, 부모양육 스트레스를 평가하기 위해 어머니에 의한 자기-보고식 질문지가 수행되었다. 상관관계 분석결과는 가족 기능, 사회적 지원, 부모양육 스트레스, 그리고 어머니 상호작용 유형 간에 낮거나 중간정도의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타내었다. 위계적 회귀분석(Hierarchical regression analysis)결과는 가족 변인들(가족 응집력, 지원에 대한 만족, 부모의 스트레스)과 어머니의 반응성이 아동발달 수준에 영향력이 있는지를 나타내었다. 특히. 어머니의 반응성은 변인의 14%를 설명하면서 아동발달에 대해 가장 유의미한 예측변인으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 위계적 회귀분석 결과는 어머니의 반응성이 아동발달에 미치는 영향력에 대해 가족요인이 중재적이라는 가설을 지지하였다
Abstract
This study was to examined influences of family functioning, social support, parenting stress, and mothers' interactive style on the child development of young children with disabilities. Participants consisted of 50 mothers and their children who either had general developmental disabilities or had been diagnosed with Autism or Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD). The data used for this study included videotaped observations of parent-child play; a play based assessment; and standardized measures of mothers family functioning, social support and parenting stress. Correlational analysis indicated that there were low to moderate levels of correlations among family functioning, social support, parenting stress and mothers' interactive style. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that both family factors (family cohesion, satisfaction with support and parenting stress) and maternal responsiveness contributed independently to children's rate of development. However, maternal responsiveness was the strongest predictor, accounting for 14% of the variance in children’s development. Results from the hierarchical regression were supportive of the hypothesis that family factors moderate the impact of maternal responsiveness on children‘s development.
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