김억의 근대적 민족시형의 구상

Abstract

The purpose of this article is discussion Kim-eok's "the conception of modern national poetic form". In this article, in the process of finding the modern national poetic form for him, what the difficult point was and how he tried to overcome it will be discussed. Kim-eok is a poet, critic and translator who played the most important role in formation of korean(Jo-seon) modern poetry. Starting with the introduce French symbolism poetry, he worked in various writings, criticisms and translations. Through this, he tried to create "the korean(Jo-seon) modern national poetic form". However, the creation of Korean modern poetry which is connected to universal ideal wasn't that simple. The reason is that the modern western poet couldn't be imitated or reappeared by Korean language or text properly. Kim-eok understood modern western poet through the French symbolism poets. He tried to create Korean modern national poetic form based on his obvious awareness of modern poet. His most important poetic idea is that he considered poetry to concept which "ethnicity" and "folk color" were inherent in. He thinks the reason why "fundamental art" is expressed depend on countries is because of "the difference of the spirit". In other words, "spirit" defines the meaning relation of "the language" and the characteristics of language decide the form of expression. So the difference of "spirit" makes the difference of art. This is why he insisted the consensus of content vs. form based on national basis to establish the modern national poetic form. With this kind of artistic attitude, hierarchical structure existing between the western and the korean(Jo-seon) Literature cannot be established. Also idea, text and poetic form cannot be imitated, implanted or translated. All of the literatures existing cannot help containing relative autonomies according to "national destiny" called "language". Therefore, The reason why Kim-eok criticized the world of poetry of Korean and insisted the recovery of Korean spirit, respect for Korean language and creation of Korean modern poetry form persistently is that the elements mentioned above are essential requirements to establish the korean(Jo-seon) modern national poetic form. This is his unique agglutinative literacy activity which cannot be explained by implantation of the western literature or expression of the national consciousness.