1950년대 ‘전문 독자’로서의 비평가 집단의 형성

Abstract

The basic framework of Korean society was established in 1950’s after the Korean war had ended the ideological conflict in the southern part of the Korean peninsula in quite anti－communistic way. The literary circles of the nation has expanded at that time, reproducing new writers on the basis of the stable platform system. The number of critics also increased, which leaded to strivings for the independence of criticism as a literary genre. The focus of this writing lies in the relationship between the literature as a study in universities and the criticism as an independent activity in literary circles in 1950’s. The new generation of the critics have established their position and obtained the professionalism and the independence in the scene of Korean literature of 1950’s. The critics as ‘professional readers’ considered form and content of monthly－review and took pains to find the methodology of understanding literary works. The monthly－reviews gave opportunities of discussing the independence and creativity of the criticism as a literary genre, the role and the position of critics, and, the relationship between readers and writers. In this way, Korean critics have obtained the unique, different position from readers or writers as well as establishing a stable institutional self－reproducing environment.