회재(晦齋) 이언적(李彦迪)의 <임거십오영(林居十五詠)>과 그 반향

Abstract

In 1535, Yi Eon-jeok(李彦迪) wrote his representative work Imgeosiboyeong(林居十五詠), a 15 part serial poem, while he resided in Dongnakdang(獨樂堂) under Ja-Ok(紫玉) Mountain. Yi Eon-jeok succeeded and appropriated Juja(朱子)’s Jaegeogamheung(齋居感興), a poem written inside Juja’s personal library, musing about philosophy, ethics, and history. Then, Yi Eon-jeok wrote his own poem musing about ‘the life of a scholar in the forest(林居),’ portraying the life as a recluse and a royal subject ; this poem became an example for the later scholars. In 1560, Yi Hwang(李滉) wrote a poem borrowing rhyme from Imgeosiboyeong. In this poem, Yi Hwang concurred with Yi Eon-jeok’s uncluttered lifestyle ; however, he put more emphasis on portraying life as a scholar, compared to that as a recluse or a royal subject. Specifically, with regard to ‘the life of a scholar in the forest,’ Yi Hwang expressed different interpretations from Yi Eon-jeok’s on the studying method and the attitude towards the king ; these differences can be interpreted as Yi Hwang’s implied criticism towards Yi Eon-jeok. Five Years later, Yi Hwang wrote another poem, Sangeosasieum(山居四時吟) in which he sang a portrait of a scholar’s life in Dosan(陶山). Ever after affecting Yi Hwang, Imgeosiboyeong has had prolonged effects on the poetry of the later scholars such as Sin Ji-je(申之悌), Gwon Pil(權韠), Yi Hui-jo(李喜朝), Chae Paeng-yun(蔡彭胤), Bak Tae-mu(朴泰茂), Jo Ui-yang(趙宜陽), Jeong Chung-pil(鄭忠弼), Yi Ya-sun(李野淳) and Yi Jae-yeong(李在永). Some of them borrowed rhymes from Yi Eon-jeok or Yi Hwang’s poem, and some of them wrote poems only borrowing the title. Gwon Pil accepted the theme of Imgeosiboyeong and tried to portray his own life, and Sin Ji-je wrote a similar poem by borrowing rhymes from Gwon Pil’s poem. In terms of poetic format, these two poets followed the sub-headings of Yi Eon-jeok’s poem, but did not borrow the rhymes. While showing their will to follow Yi Eon-jeok and Yi Hwang’s lifestyles, their poems also convey a clear and pleasant sentiment, which elevated the quality of poetry musing about ‘the life of a scholar in the forest.’ Afterwards, poets such as Yi Hui-jo(李喜朝), Chae Paeng-yun(蔡彭胤), Bak Tae-mu(朴泰茂), and Yi Ya-sun(李野淳) not only borrowed rhymes from Yi Hwang’s poem but also followed Yi Hwang’s attitude and will. On the other hand, modern literari such as Jeong Chung-pil(鄭忠弼) and Yi Jae-yeong(李在永) borrowed rhymes from Yi Eon-jeok ; their poems focused on Yi Eon-jeok’s self-cultivation, but also conveyed the agreement on Yi Hwang’s philosophy. The aforementioned poems allow us to picture the Confucian scholars’ poems which mused about ‘the life of a scholar in the forest’ during the late Joseon Dynasty.