Тувинцы Китая: статус родного языка и проблемы языковой интерференции
Chinese Tuvans: Native language status and language interference problems
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This article analyzes present ethno-linguistic situation , which is typical for Chinese Tuvans , in conditions of another ethnic environment and multilingualism. The native language of Chinese Tuvans of Tuvan, which is considered as one of the modern foreign dialects of the Tuvan language. Until today their native language exists in oral form without a national literacy. Four zones of distribution of the Tuvan language are identified by the degree of functioning of Tuvan speech , which depends on region of residence, economic-cultural type and age of speakers. The paper demonstratesthe existing educational system for Tuvan children, who study in Mongolian and Kazakh schools. In a multi-language environment Tuvans become naturally poly-lingual. Besides native language Tuvan children are sufficiently proficient in other languages (Mongolian and Kazakh) and thus admit linguistic transformation in their native speech, which demonstrate traces of linguistic interference with neighboring languages. Influence of the Kazakh language on the vocabulary and morphology of Tuvan language is demonstrated. Relevance of this work is determined by unexplored status of traditional culture and language of the Chinese Tuvans in the domestic and world humanitarian science.
Abstract
This article analyzes present ethno-linguistic situation , which is typical for Chinese Tuvans , in conditions of another ethnic environment and multilingualism. The native language of Chinese Tuvans of Tuvan, which is considered as one of the modern foreign dialects of the Tuvan language. Until today their native language exists in oral form without a national literacy. Four zones of distribution of the Tuvan language are identified by the degree of functioning of Tuvan speech , which depends on region of residence, economic-cultural type and age of speakers. The paper demonstratesthe existing educational system for Tuvan children, who study in Mongolian and Kazakh schools. In a multi-language environment Tuvans become naturally poly-lingual. Besides native language Tuvan children are sufficiently proficient in other languages (Mongolian and Kazakh) and thus admit linguistic transformation in their native speech, which demonstrate traces of linguistic interference with neighboring languages. Influence of the Kazakh language on the vocabulary and morphology of Tuvan language is demonstrated. Relevance of this work is determined by unexplored status of traditional culture and language of the Chinese Tuvans in the domestic and world humanitarian science.
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