살충제 Imidacloprid의 논토양 중 흡착 및 용탈 특성
Adsorption and Leaching Characteristics of the Insecticide Imidacloprid in Paddy Soils
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국내에서 광범위하게 사용되고 있는 살충제 imidacloprid의 토양흡착 특성과 벼 재배 환경중 용탈 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 방사성 동위원소로 표지된 [14C]imidacloprid를 이용하여 수원근교 논토양 2종을 대상으로 시험하였다. Freundlich 흡착등온식으로부터 구한 imidacloprid의 흡착상수(Kf)는 1.7～2.6, 기울기(1/n)는 1 미만, 토양 유기탄소기준흡착계수(Koc)는 228～249, 토양 반감기를 이용한 지하수 오염가능성(GUS index)은 1.6～2.4로 흡착성이 중간 정도로 평가되어 토양중 용탈 가능성은 높지 않았다. 논토양에서 용탈성은 숙성잔류물 함유 토양보다 신생잔류물 함유 토양에서 더 높았다. 논토양의 토층별 14C의 분포는 0～10 cm 깊이에 80% 이상이 분포하였으며, 벼 재배구에서 처리된 14C의 식물체로의 이동성은 신생잔류물 함유 토양이 숙성잔류물 함유 토양보다 높았으나 식물체로 흡수된 14C은 총처리량의 약 3% 미만으로서 imidacloprid의 용탈성과 생물이용도가 매우 낮음을 시사하였다.
Abstract
In order to elucidate the adsorption and leaching characteristics of the insecticide imidacloprid in two types of paddy soils near Suwon, this experiment was carried out with [14C]imidacloprid as a radiotracer. In an adsorption study conducted using [14C]imidacloprid in 2 test soils, the adsorption coefficient was higher in soil A (Kf 2.6) than that in soil B (Kf 1.7). As calculated from Freundlich constants, distribution coefficients and half lives in soils, GUS indices showed low leachabilities of imidacloprid treated on the paddy soils into the groundwater. The amount of imidacloprid leached from the soil columns during the 4 weeks of leaching was less than 2% of the originally treated 14C. In the leaching test, the amounts of 14C activities distributed in the soil layer of 0-10 cm were more than 80% of the originally treated 14C and those in rice plants were less than 3% of the originally treated 14C, suggesting that imidacloprid has very low leachability and bioavailability.
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