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유기인계 및 카바메이트계 농약의 토주용탈과 대류이동성 모형에 의한 이동성 예측

Leaching of Organophosphorus and Carbamate Pesticides in Soil Column and Prediction of Their Mobility Using the Convective Mobility Test Model in Soils

임양빈|이희동|김찬섭|오병렬
한국환경농학회 (The Korean Society Of Environmental Agriculture)|2005.12|한국환경농학회지 (Agricultural and Environmental Sciences)|제24권 제4호|pp. 350-357

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참고문헌

주제분류농학

초록

농약별 수직이동 양상을 파악하고, 흡착계수와 토양관련 매개변수를 이용하여 대류이동성 모형(Convective mobility test model)으로 예측한 용탈 속도와 비교 평가하기 위하여 강서통(논), 중동통(밭), 예산통(산림토양) 및 신엄통(화산회토)을 사용하여 카바메이트계 농약 metolcarb, molinate, fenobucarb 및 dimepiperate와 유기인계 농약 isazofos, diazinon, fenitrothion, parathion 및 chlorpyrifos-methyl의 토주용탈실험을 수행하였다. 각 농약을 50 μg/cm2 수준으로 토주 상단에 처리하였을 때 토심 10 cm 이동 후 용탈되는 농약별 최대용탈(peak) 농도는 화산회토를 제외한 3종 토양의 경우 metolcarb 6.5～12.6 mg/L, molinate 2.6～5.0 mg/L, fenobucarb 4.5～7.8 mg/L, dimepiperate 0.39～1.36 mg/L isazofos 1.1～4.6 mg/L, diazinon 0.01～0.14 mg/L, fenitrothion 0.01 mg/L 미만～0.70 mg/L 및 parathion 0.01 mg/L 미만～0.44 mg/L 수준이었고 chlorpyrifos-methyl은 네 토양 모두에서 용탈되지 않았다. Peak 농도 출현까지 소요된 용탈수량은 metolcarb 1.1～2.1 pore volume(PV), molinate 1.6～3.3 PV, fenobucarb 1.6～3.3 PV, isazofos 2.1～4.4 PV, diazinon 6～15 PV 및 dimepiperate 8～21 PV 수준이었다. 대류이동성 모형에 의한 예측결과는 대부분의 토양-농약 조합에서 토주용탈 양상과 일치하였고 표준조건(water flux 1 cm/일)에서 예측된 이동소요시간에 따라 metolcarb는 most mobile, molinate와 fenobucarb, isazofos는 mobile내지 most mobile, dimepiperate는 moderately mobile이나 mobile, diazinon은 mobile, fenitrothion과 parathion은 slightly mobile 또는 mobile, chlorpyrifos-methyl은 immobile이나 slightly mobile 등급에 속하는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the downward mobility of pesticides using soil columns and to compare the experimental results with values predicted from Convective mobility test model. Nine pesticides such as metolcarb, molinate, fenobucarb, isazofos, diazinon, fenitrothion, dimepiperate, parathion and chlorpyrifos-methyl were used for leaching test in soil column for four soils; Jungdong (upland soil), Gangseo (paddy soil), Yesan (forest soil), and Sineom(upland, volcanic ash-derived soil) series. The peak concentrations leached from 10 cm-columns of three soils except Sineom series ranged 6.5 to 12.6 mg/L for metolcarb, 2.6 to 5.0 mg/L for molinate, 4.5 to 7.8 mg/L for fenobucarb, 0.39 to 1.36 mg/L for dimepiperate, 1.1 to 4.6 mg/L for isazofos, 0.01 to 0.14 mg/L for diazinon, lower than 0.01 to 0.70 mg/L for fenitrothion and lower than 0.01 to 0.44 mg/L for parathion. But chlorpyrifos-methyl was not leached from any soil columns. Elution volumes to reach the peak of metolcarb, molinate, fenobucarb, isazofos, diazinon, and dimepiperate in the leachate ranged 1.1 to 2.1 pore volume (PV), 1.6 to 3.3 PV, 1.6 to 3.3 PV, 2.1 to 4.4 PV, 6 to 15 PV, and 8 to 21 PV, respectively. On the same water flux conditions, convection times estimated by Convective mobility test model were coincided with results from soil column test in most of the soil-pesticide combinations applied. Based on convection times estimated by the model at standard conditions (water flux 1 cm/day), metolcarb was classified as most mobile, molinate, fenobucarb and isazofos as mobile or most mobile, dimepiperate as moderately mobile or mobile, diazinon as mobile, fenitrothion and parathion as slightly mobile or mobile and chlorpyrifos-methyl as immobile or slightly mobile.

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