논 및 밭토양 중 살충제 Clothianidin의 잔류특성
Persistence of the Insecticide Clothianidin in Paddy and Upland Soils
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BACKGROUND: The current study purposed to analysethe dissipation levels of a neonicotinoid insecticide andclothianidin in paddy and upland soils and clarify the effectsof soil moisture on degradation and persistence of theinsecticide. METHODS AND RESULTS: In order to achieve theresearch purposes, clothianidin 8% SG was applied to thepaddy and upland fields at the rate of 0.024 kg a.i./10a,while the analytical standard was treated at 0.25 mg/kg soilunder laboratory conditions. Based on the multiple first-order kinetics, total clothianidinin soils was dissipated with DT50 of 6.7-16.1 and 6.9-8.2days in the paddy and upland fields, respectively, whereasthe figures under the laboratory condition became largershowing 56.3 and 19.6 days. CONCLUSION: As affected by soil moisture, somedifferences in degradative pathways were observed. Flooding of soil caused evidently demethylation and delayedcyclization of a major metabolite, thiazolylmethylguanidine(TMG) and methylaminoimidazole(MAI), compared to theaerobic upland condition. More than 80% and 50% of theparent compound was dissipated by the 24th day after thefinal application in both soils and, transformation productshad constituted most of soil residues after that.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The current study purposed to analysethe dissipation levels of a neonicotinoid insecticide andclothianidin in paddy and upland soils and clarify the effectsof soil moisture on degradation and persistence of theinsecticide. METHODS AND RESULTS: In order to achieve theresearch purposes, clothianidin 8% SG was applied to thepaddy and upland fields at the rate of 0.024 kg a.i./10a,while the analytical standard was treated at 0.25 mg/kg soilunder laboratory conditions. Based on the multiple first-order kinetics, total clothianidinin soils was dissipated with DT50 of 6.7-16.1 and 6.9-8.2days in the paddy and upland fields, respectively, whereasthe figures under the laboratory condition became largershowing 56.3 and 19.6 days. CONCLUSION: As affected by soil moisture, somedifferences in degradative pathways were observed. Flooding of soil caused evidently demethylation and delayedcyclization of a major metabolite, thiazolylmethylguanidine(TMG) and methylaminoimidazole(MAI), compared to theaerobic upland condition. More than 80% and 50% of theparent compound was dissipated by the 24th day after thefinal application in both soils and, transformation productshad constituted most of soil residues after that.
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