토양의 EC 수준에 따른 관비공급 농도가 시설토마토 수량과 토양의 염류집적에 미치는 영향
Effect of Fertigation Concentration on Yield of Tomato and Salts Accumulation in Soils with Different EC Level Under PE Film House
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초록
토양의 양분을 고려하지 않고 관비재배 하는 경우는 토양에 양분 과다집적, 지하수 오염 및 작물생산성에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 토마토 재배시 토양 양분 함량에 따른 최적 관비농도를 알아보고자 토양의 EC 수준에 따라 관비공급 농도를 4수준으로 처리하여 토양 환경변화와 토마토의 수량을 평가한 결과는 다음과 같다.EC 수준이 1.4, 3.0 및 5.4 dS/m인 토양에 관비농도를 0(groundwater), 1.0, 2.0 및 3.0 dS/m으로 공급하여 토마토를 관비재배 하였을때 1과중, 상품율 및 상품수량은 처리간에 유의성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 적정 수량을 유지하고 토양내 양분집적이 일어나지 않도록 관비하는 것이 가장 좋은 관비방법이라 생각된다. 토양의 EC가 1.4 및 3.0 dS/m인 조건에서 관비 농도를 3.0 dS/m으로 공급한 경우 수확후 토양의 EC는 각각 1.8 및 5.0 dS/m로 생육초기 보다 크게 증가하였고, NO3-N, P2O5 및 K 등의 양분이 집적되었다. 따라서 3.0 dS/m 미만으로 관비를 공급하는 것이 토마토의 적정 수량과 토양관리에 바람직할 것으로 생각되었다. 토양의 EC가 5.4 dS/m인 조건에서 관비공급 농도 1.0 dS/m 이상은 NO3-N, P2O5 및 K 등의 양분이 집적되었으며 지하수만 공급하여도 정상적인 수량을 생산할수 있었다. 토마토 엽의 무기성분 함량은 토양 EC 수준과 관계없이 관비공급 농도를 높였을 때 T-N, P2O5 및 K2O 함량이 증가하였고, CaO와 MgO 함량은 감소하였다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the concentration of fertigation for optimum yield and soil management of tomato cultivation in soils with different Electrical conductivity (EC) level under PE film house. The EC levels of soil were adjusted to 1.4, 3.0 and 5.4 dS/m and fertigation concentrations were supplied with 0.0 (groundwater), 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 dS/m, respectively. When the concentration of fertigation was supplied over 3.0 dS/m to soil with EC 1.4 dS/m, the concentrations of NO3-N, avail.-P2O5, and exchangeable K in soil were increased after the experiment. When fertigation concentration was supplied over 2.0 and 1.0 dS/m to soil with EC 3.0 and 5.4 dS/m respectively, the nutrients were also accumulated in the soil. Thus, the optimum concentrations of fertigation for optimum yield and soil management for tomato cultivation were recommended 1.0～2.0 dS/m, 1.0 dS/m and ground water (0.0 dS/m) to soils with EC 1.4, 3.0 and 5.4 dS/m, respectively. The fruit weight, marketability and marketable yield of tomato were not significant among the treatments at 5% level by LSD. The concentrations of T-N, P2O5 and K2O in tomato leaf were increased with increasing of fertigation concentration, whereas the concentrations of CaO and MgO decreased with increasing of fertigation concentration.
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