미군정 사법제도의 구성
The Structure of the Judicial System under the USAMGIK
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The purpose of this article is to examine the structure of the judicial system under the United States Army Military Government in Korea (USAMGIK) and to analyze its characteristics and problems. The judicial system of the American military occupation and all the laws enacted during the USAMGIK aimed at status quo and repressed the overspread revolutionary demands. The USAMGIK used well the laws and judicial systems of the Japanese colonial period instead of sweeping away them. The authoritative Japanese colonial judicial system was used for the organizational resources to the USAMGIK. To fulfill the purpose of the American military occupation, the USAMGK established the military occupation court. The military occupation court was composed of military commission, provost court and Korean civil court. The legal ground of the establishment of the military occupation court is the Proclamation No. 2 and Ordinance No. 21. The judicial system of the USAMGIK is based on the power of the Commander- in-Chief of the United States Army Forces, Pacific and Japanese judicial system. The judicial system of the USAMGIK is totally different from the American judicial system and the legal system of the liberal democracy in general. This is revealed on the Records of RG 554 (NARA) and the Japan Diary of Mark Gain. One of the problems of the judicial system of the USAMGIK is that it was strongly dependent on the department of justice, the military Governor, and finally the Commander-in-Chief of the United States Army Forces in Korea. All the judicial powers were concentrated on the minister of the department of justice. It is hard to find the autonomy or neutrality of the judiciary. It is possible for the first time at the end of the American military occupation.
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to examine the structure of the judicial system under the United States Army Military Government in Korea (USAMGIK) and to analyze its characteristics and problems. The judicial system of the American military occupation and all the laws enacted during the USAMGIK aimed at status quo and repressed the overspread revolutionary demands. The USAMGIK used well the laws and judicial systems of the Japanese colonial period instead of sweeping away them. The authoritative Japanese colonial judicial system was used for the organizational resources to the USAMGIK. To fulfill the purpose of the American military occupation, the USAMGK established the military occupation court. The military occupation court was composed of military commission, provost court and Korean civil court. The legal ground of the establishment of the military occupation court is the Proclamation No. 2 and Ordinance No. 21. The judicial system of the USAMGIK is based on the power of the Commander- in-Chief of the United States Army Forces, Pacific and Japanese judicial system. The judicial system of the USAMGIK is totally different from the American judicial system and the legal system of the liberal democracy in general. This is revealed on the Records of RG 554 (NARA) and the Japan Diary of Mark Gain. One of the problems of the judicial system of the USAMGIK is that it was strongly dependent on the department of justice, the military Governor, and finally the Commander-in-Chief of the United States Army Forces in Korea. All the judicial powers were concentrated on the minister of the department of justice. It is hard to find the autonomy or neutrality of the judiciary. It is possible for the first time at the end of the American military occupation.
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