Csikszentmihalyi의 몰입 요소에 근거한 학습몰입척도의 다차원적, 위계적 요인모델 검증
Construct Validity of Multidimensional, Hierarchical model on the Learning Flow Scale
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본 연구의 목적은 석임복과 강이철(2007)의 학습몰입척도에 관한 연구를 확장하여 학습몰입척도가 다차원적, 위계적 요인모델로서 타당한지 구인타당성을 검증하는데 있다. 다차원적, 위계적 척도로서의 타당성을 판단하기 위해 3가지 요인모델(1차요인모델(1요인), 2차요인모델(2요인), 2차요인모델(1요인))을 가정하였으며, 석임복과 강이철(2007)의 1차요인모델(9요인)은 고차요인모델의 적합도를 판단하는 기준으로 활용되었다. 통계적 분석은 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 1차요인모델(1요인)은 적합성이 권장수용수준보다 낮아서 모델로서 적합하지 않았다. 2차요인모델(2요인)은 1차요인모델(9요인)보다 적합도는 근소하게 낮았지만 χ2차이검증에 의한 모형 간 비교에 있어서 1차요인모델(9요인)보다 2차요인모델(2요인)이 유의하게 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 2차요인모델(1요인)은 적합도, 상관성, 신뢰도가 높았으며 집중타당도와 판별타당도도 있는 것으로 산출되었다. χ2차이검증을 통한 모형 간 비교도 2차요인모델(1요인)이 유의하게 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 1차요인모델(9요인), 2차요인모델(2요인), 2차요인모델(1요인)은 학습몰입척도의 요인모델로서 적합하나 간명성에 있어서 2차요인모델(1요인)이 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 학습몰입척도는 단일요인모델보다 다차원적 요인모델이 적합하며 1개의 2차 요인을 가진 고차요인모델로서 적합하므로 위계적 모델이라고 할 수 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine construct validity of multidimensional, hierarchical model on the Learning Flow Scale. This study was administered to 453 6th grade elementary school students. It hypothesized 3 factor models(the one first-order factor model, the two second-order factor model, the one second-order factor model). The nine first-order factor model of Seok, I. & Kang, E. (2007) was used to confirm Goodness of fit of 3 factor models. As statistical methods, Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA) were conducted. As a result of CFA, the one first-order factor model provided a poor fit to responses of the Learning Flow Scale. The two second-order factor model and the one second-order factor model provided a reasonable fit to responses of the Learning Flow Scale. The one second-order factor model was significantly better than the two second-order factor model by chi-square difference test in comparison between models. The nine first-order factor model, the two second-order factor model, and the one second-order factor model fit as a factor model of the Learning Flow Scale, but the one second-order factor model fit the most in parsimony. Therefore, the Learning Flow Scale supports a multidimensional factor model than one factor model, and also supports a hierarchical model in which one higher order flow factor explained correlations among the nine first-order factors.
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