온라인 수업에서 학습자들의 상호작용 증진을 위한 공동체의식 형성에 관한 고찰
Inquiry into Learners' Sense of Community in Online Learning Environments
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본 논문은 선행 연구들의 분석을 통해 공동체 및 공동체의식의 개념적 의미를 밝히고, 공동체의식이 면대면 학습 환경과 온라인 학습 환경에서 학습자들의 학습에 미치는 영향과 온라인 학습 환경에서 학습자들의 공동체의식 형성에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 살펴보고자 하였다. 그리고 선행 연구 분석 결과를 토대로 온라인 수업에서 학습자들의 공동체의식 형성에 관련된 주요 요인들과 그 요인들의 전체적인 관계를 보여주는 이론적 모형을 도출하였다. 온라인 수업에서 학습자들의 공동체의식에 영향을 미치는 요인들은 크게 세 가지 차원, 즉 동료 학습자 및 교수자와의 상호작용, 수업 설계, 경험과 특성에서의 개인차 등으로 분류되었고, 공동체의식의 효과에는 우호적인 의사소통, 이견에 대해 존중, 자유로운 의사 및 감정의 표현, 실질적인 피드백의 제공, 책임의식 고취 등이 포함되었다. 마지막으로 이 분야에 있어서 앞으로 요구되는 연구 과제들을 제안하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the concepts of community and sense of community, the impacts of learners' sense of community on learning in face-to-face and online environments, and the factors that influence learners' sense of community in online learning environments through a literature review. Based on the results of the literature review, a theoretical model on learners' sense of community in online learning environments was developed. In the model, factors that influence learners' sense of community were categorized into three dimensions: interaction with classmates and the instructor, course context, and individual differences in backgrounds and experiences. The effects of learners' sense of community included use of polite and friendly language, respect for others' different opinions, expression of various opinions and emotion, exchange of substantial feedback, and a greater sense of responsibility. Finally, implications for future research were suggested.
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