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CSCL에서 완성하기 과제의 소거 수준과 자신에게 설명하기 활동의 제공 방식이 협력부하 및 협력학습성과에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Completion Level of Learning Task and Self-Explanation Strategies on Collaboration Load and Collaboration Outcomes in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning

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초록

본 연구는 CSCL에서 완성하기 과제의 소거 수준과 자신에게 설명하기 활동 제공방식이 협력부하 및 협력학습성과에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 완성하기 과제의 소거 수준을 WOE가 제거된 정도에 따라 상, 하로 구별하였으며, 자신에게 설명하기 활동 제공 방식을 자발적으로 자신에게 설명하도록 지원하는 방식, 자신에게 설명하기 활동을 구조화하여 제공한 방식으로 구분하여 제공하였다. 각 집단별 표집인원은 14명이었으며 총 56명의 대학생이 실험에 참여하였다. 연구결과에 따르면, 협력부하의 7개 하위요인 중 정신적 노력과 결과 만족도에서 자신에게 설명하기 활동 제공 방식 간 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 이에 따라 자신에게 설명하기 활동을 구조화하여 제공하는 것이 자발적으로 자신에게 설명하도록 하거나 자신에게 설명하기 활동을 하지 않는 것보다 본유적 협력부하의 발생을 높일 수 있도록 도왔음을 확인할 수 있었다. 협력학습성과를 살펴본 결과, 공동 결과물에서 완성하기 과제의 소거 수준에 따라 집단 간 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 이는 완성과제에서 소거 수준을 높여 제공하는 것이 학습자의 논증 및 협력 능력을 향상시키고 WOE에 대한 이해도를 높여 실제 문제해결과제에서 질 높은 결과물을 구성할 수 있다는 것을 시사한다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of completion level of learning task and self-explanation strategies on collaboration load and collaboration outcomes in CSCL. This study assumed that the higher completion level of the learning task is, the more effectively it would further control extraneous collaboration load and thereby positively impact on team performance. In addition, it aimed to examine that coercing self-explanation activities in accordance with predefined processes would reduce extraneous collaboration load and improve collaboration outcome. Participants drawn from a pool of 56 undergraduate students sampled for the study. They were randomly assigned into one of four groups. According to the findings, the script with structured self-explanation activities group invested significantly lower mental effort than script with ill-structured self-explanation activities group in the collaborative learning process. Thus, regardless of completion level of learning task, the script with structured self-explanation activities is thought to play a significant roles to help learners optimize collaboration load. Regarding the collaboration outcome, the completion level ‘high’ of learning task showed positive effects on joint outcome. Based on these findings, it was concluded that presenting learners with completion task where many parts were eliminated prior to problem solving increase the quality of joint outcome.

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