정보교사의 증강현실(Augmented Reality) 수용에 관한 선행요인 탐색: 기술준비도와 기술-교수내용 지식, 학교 지원, 지각된 유용성, 지각된 용이성을 중심으로
Exploring the Antecedents of Computer Teachers’ Acceptance of Augmented Reality: Towards an Examination of the Relations of Technical Pedagogical Content Knowledge, School Support, Perceived Usefulness, and Perceived Ease of Use
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본 연구의 목적은 기술수용모델(Technology Acceptance Model: TAM)을 기반으로 교사의 증강현실(augmented reality; AR) 수용에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 조사하는 것이다. 교사 수용에 미치는 기술-교수내용 지식(Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: TPACK)의 영향은 TAM을 이루는 두 가지 변수인 지각된 유용성과 지각된 용이성과 함께 학교 지원에 의해서 매개가 될 것으로 예측하였다. 또한 교사의 TPACK은 AR 기술에 대한 기술준비도에 의해서 영향을 받을 것으로 예상하였다. 이에 우리나라 중학교 및 고등학교에서 정보교과를 담당하는 300명의 교사로부터 설문자료를 수집하였다. AR 기술에 대한 교사의 수용과 지각된 유용성 및 지각된 용이성, 기술준비도, TPACK, 그리고 학교 지원에 대한 구조적 관계를 밝히기 위하여 수집된 자료에 대해 SmartPLS를 활용하여 구조방정식 모형분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기술 준비도의 활성요인 중의 하나인 낙관성은 TPACK에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 기술준비도의 저해요인인 불편감과 불안감은 모두 TPACK에 유의한 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 교사의 AR 기술 수용에 미치는 TPACK의 영향은 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 이 영향은 지각된 유용성과 지각된 용이성, 학교 지원에 의해서 매개가 되는 것으로 평가되었다.
Abstract
The present work aimed to identify the antecedents to teacher adoption of augmented reality (AR) technology in educational settings. This study is notable, given its theoretical framework using the Technology Acceptance Model(TAM) along with Technical Pedagogical Content Knowledge(TPACK). Our conceptual model included technology readiness, which is expected to impact TPACK, which in turn, to have a positive influence on teacher acceptance. The present study further hypothesized that the influence of TPACK on teacher acceptance will be mediated by two proximal constructs of TAM including perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, as well as school support. The conceptual model was verified through sample data collected from 300 teachers in charge of computer subjects in Korean middle and high schools who participated in this study. A structural equation model was performed using SmartPLS. The results indicate that, the measure of optimism was found to be significantly and positively predictive of TPACK. Two independent measures of discomfort and insecurity emerged as negative and significant predictors of TPACK. Furthermore, the direct effect of TPACK on teacher acceptance was found to be statistically significant. The influence of TPACK on teacher acceptance was mediated by perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and school support.
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