동물지리와 지리교육의 관계 탐색
Exploring the Relationship between Animal Geography and Geography Education
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초록
이 연구는 동물지리의 역사적 기원과 문화적 전환, 그리고 문화적 동물지리의 연구 분야 등을 살펴본 후, 우리나라와 호주 지리교과서를 동물지리의 관점에서 비교하였다. 최근 동물지리는 동물의 분포에 초점을 둔 자연적 동물지리에서 문화적 전환을 통해 문화적 동물지리에 대한 관심으로 그 영역을 외연적으로 확장하고 있다. 우리나라 지리교과서는 동물지리를 직접적으로 다루는 단원이 없으며, 여러 단원에 산재해 있는 것이 특징이다. 그리고 자연, 특히 특정 기후대에 분포하고 있는 동물을 비롯하여, 동물이 가축으로 사용되는 부분에 한정되어 다루어지고 있다. 이에 반해 호주 지리교과서는 동물지리 단원을 별도로 설정하고 있으며, 주로 인간에 의해 특정 동물의 종이 위협받고 있는 사례를 비롯하여, 이를 보존하고 관리하기 위한 개인적, 국가적, 국제적 노력에 대해 기술하고 있다. 호주 지리교과서가 문화적 동물지리를 완전히 구현하지는 못하더라고 우리나라 지리교과서에 비해서는 훨씬 더 문화적 동물지리에 근접해 있다고 할 수 있다. 이를 통해, 동물지리에 대한 교육은 이제 동물의 분포에 대한 관점에서, 동물권, 동물윤리와 동물해방에 초점을 둔 지리교육으로의 변화를 모색해야 할 단계에 왔다.
Abstract
This study examined the historical origins and cultural turn of animal geography, and research areas of cultural animal geography, and then compared Korean and Australian geography textbooks in terms of animal geography. Recent animal geography has been expanding its scope externally with interest in cultural animal geography through cultural turn in zoogeography which focuses on the distribution of animals. In Korea, geography textbooks do not have a unit to directly deal with animal geography, but they are scattered in various units. And it is limited to the part where animals are used as livestock, especially animals that are distributed in nature, especially in certain climate zones. Australian geography textbooks, on the other hand, set out animal geography units and describe personal, national, and international efforts to preserve and manage them, including cases where animals are threatened primarily by humans. Although Australian geography textbooks do not fully embody cultural animal geography, they are much closer to cultural animal geography than geography textbooks in Korea. From the above discussion, education on animal geography has now come to the forefront of changes from geography education focusing on the distribution of animals to animal rights, animal ethics and animal liberation.
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