지리에 대한 인식 조사: 지리 전공과 비전공 대학생 비교를 중심으로
A Survey of Perceptions of Geography: Focusing on the Comparison of Geography Majors and Non-Majors
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초록
이 연구의 목적은 지리에 대한 인식을 조사하는 것이다. 지리 전공 및 비전공 대학생을 대상으로 지리의 정의, 지리를 가르 쳐야 하는 이유, 지리와 관련된 주제, 지리적인 무엇인가를 하고 있는 전형적인 지리학자의 모습에 대한 의견을 조사하여 비교하였 다. 연구 결과를 살펴보면 첫째, 지리의 정의에 있어 지리 전공자들은 다양한 현상의 종합적 이해, 자연과 인간의 상호작용 등에 주목하는 경향이 높았고, 비전공자들은 땅과 관련된 정보, 길을 찾는 것 등 상대적으로 협소하게 지리를 정의하였다. 둘째, 지리를 가르쳐야 하는 이유에 지리 전공자들은 일상생활이나 삶과의 연관성 파악, 장소나 지역에 대한 기초적 이해를 언급하는 비중이 높았고, 비전공자들은 자신이 사는 곳에 대한 기초적인 지식이나 자연환경의 이해, 위치나 지명 지식 획득 등으로 답변한 경우가 많았다. 셋째, 지리와 관련된 주제를 물어본 문항에서 지리 전공자들이 두 배 이상 많은 답변을 제출하였다. 두 집단 모두 자연지리 와 관련된 내용을 언급하는 경향이 컸다는 공통점이 있었으나 지리 전공자들의 답변은 문화역사지리 등을 포함하여 인문지리의 다양한 영역까지 포괄하였다. 마지막으로, 지리적인 무엇인가를 하는 전형적인 지리학자의 모습에 있어서 지리 전공자와 비전공 자 모두 답사 등을 통해 지형지물을 탐색하거나 지구본, 지도와 관련된 모습에 주목하였다. 이 연구는 지리에 대한 일반적인 인식 혹은 이미지로 이해될 수 있는 내용을 실증적으로 조사하였다는 점에서의 의미가 있다. 특히, 지리 전공자와 비전공자들의 생각을 비교함으로써 지리학계가 생각하는 지리와 일반인들이 생각하는 지리의 차이를 이해할 수 있는 기반을 제공한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceptions of geography. For geography majors and non-majors, this research examined and compared the definition of geography, reasons to teach geography, geography-related topics, and typical geographers doing something geographic. As a result, first, in defining geography, geography majors tended to focus on the integrated understanding of diverse phenomena and interactions between humans and the nature, while, non-majors provided relatively narrow perspectives, such as the information about land and wayfinding. Second, for the reasons to teach geography, the high-rate of answers of geography majors focused on the connections to everyday lives and the fundamental understanding of place and region, but non-majors stressed the basic knowledge of where they live, understanding of physical environment, and location and place name learning. Third, in the question asking about topics related to geography, geography majors have more than doubled their responses. Although both groups had a common tendency to refer to the contents related to physical geography, geography majors' responses included various areas of human geography, including cultural and historical geography. Finally, when asked to draw typical geographers, both groups focused on fieldwork and spatial representations, such as globe and maps. This study is meaningful in that it empirically examines what can be understood as a general perception or image of geography. In particular, this article lays the foundation on understanding differences in the conceptualization of geography between geographers and the public by comparing responses between geography majors and non-majors.
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