선불교의 스승상과 가르침에 대한 일고찰

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine a model of Zen Buddhism teachers(禪師) and their instructional methods, draw educational messages from this. For this, the study first examined the characteristics of instructional methods of Zen Buddhism teachers. First, the Zen Buddhism teachers did not lean on languages but tried to induce their students to attain buddhahood. Especially, they emphasized that asceticism which pushed them to limits of language can make them reach the level of escaping from it. Second, the Zen Buddhism teachers made a request for meeting the way they are not depending on anybody. Therefore, they emphasized that their students can reach enlightenment when focusing Hwadu(話頭) and not relying on anybody. Third, the Zen Buddhism teachers emphasized that students must keep determined attitudes to look at the way they are and have their own aspirations for truth. Zen Buddhism teachers thought that practitioners of Buddha-dharma who overcame these teachings all over the body can experience Hwadu as it is and realize the truth. Next, the study considered instructional messages of the model of Zen Buddhism teachers and their instructional methods. The practitioners of Buddha-dharma who first devoted themselves to realize the truth and make their efforts to deliver all of it to their students become an example of modern teachers. Especially, the message given to ethics teachers is very important. First, ethics teachers must help students know the value of the other side of phenomena. Second, ethics teachers must develop all kinds of instructional methods including methods utilizing languages in the teaching processes.