1910-1945년 충남지역 마을의 농지 소유구조의 변화 ―향한리, 한천리, 합덕리, 송룡리를 중심으로―

Abstract

This article case studies land owning system in Chungnam province during the colonial period. After analysing the four village data, the author found that small peasant in group I and II appeared abundantly, almost reaches 70% even up to 90% of the village inhabitants. If you bear in mind the general presence of tenants and farm labors, the pettiness of the farming class is very critical indeed. Those areas where Korean and Japanese landowners invested and accumulated extensive land such as in Songryungri, number of small peasant group decreased through out the colonial period, thus supporting the theory of Exploitation. But, in case of Hapduckri, Hanchunri, and Hanganri, the number of small peasant group increased accompanied with the growth of peasants in group III and IV. There can be many reasons for the growth of petty peasants, but this article suggests to look at the effect of internalization of capitalistic value and principles among the farmers. The capitalistic basic norm such as property, money, competition, success, diligence, materialism has slowly been internalized to the minds of farmers. With the adoption of modern advanced agricultural skills and capitalistic value, the peasants invested money in buying land. Of course, this kind of phenomenon could only be possible in the areas where the farmers didn't had to compete or being subjected to colonial exploitation from the Japanese and Korean landlord.