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세입분권이 정부청렴도에 미치는 영향 분석

The Effects of Fiscal Autonomy on a Local Government’s Accountability

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참고문헌

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주제분류경제학

초록

본 논문은 정부 간 수직적 재정불균형과 정부책임성 간의 직접적 관계를 보여주는 국내외 실증분석들을 조사하여 주요 결과들을 정리하고, 정치경제학적 이론모형이 함의하는 주요 명제들의 현실 설명력을 우리나라의 데이터를 바탕으로 실증적으로 검증하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 본고는 지방세의 비중이 줄어들고 이전재원의 비중이 커져 정부 간 수직적 재정불균형이 심화될 경우에 지역정치인의 지대추구행위에 대한 유권자의 통제가 약화될 수 있고, 이는 정부청렴도 저하로 나타남을 확인하였다. 따라서 우리나라에서 재정분권의 정부책임성 제고 효과를 제대로 거두기 위해서는 세출분권과 세입분권 간의 괴리를 줄이는 재정분권개혁이 시급하다는 결론에 도달하였다. 아울러 지역 간 재정력 격차가 존재하는 현실에서 지방정부의 정부책임성을 효과적으로 증진시키기 위해서는 맞춤형 재정분권이 필요하다는 정책적 함의를 도출하였다.

Abstract

In this paper we analyze the empirical relationship between vertical fiscal imbalance and a local government’s accountability in Korea. We find that the relatively high level of fiscal autonomy leads a local government to improve its political and fiscal accountability to its constituents. In other words, Korea’s current fiscal intergovernmental relations have been reducing a local government’s fiscal efficiency by allowing local bureaucrats to neglect their duties and/or extract rents from their jobs. This study can be seen as yet another piece of empirical evidence for the ongoing claims of giving local governments greater fiscal autonomy by increasing their own revenue in a time when the central government wants to enhance its local counterparts’ accountability to the public.

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