다원커우(大汶口)문화 삼족기(三足器)의 근원 고찰

Abstract

A representative relic of the East Asian New Stone Age Dawonkou culture, the cooking tripod is a unique type of kettle with three legs on a bird-shaped body that can not be seen in other cultures. This paper examines the origin of the unique form of these cooking tripods. First, three legs type was introduced from the ‘special notion of the number 3’of northern Mongolian nomads and systemized in the Hongsan culture and spread to neighboring areas. Which was shared in eastern part of China during the New Stone Age of East Asia. The type was a common form of pottery that has been widely produced in a wide range of areas. Second, the bird-shaped body was a symbolized form of a bird totem of Dong Ii, which had been in existence from the beginning of Dawonkou culture, to be embodied as Three-legged Crow in the mid-term. The Dawonkou culture had a faith in the Three–legged Crow living in the sun, due to the addition of sun worship and Teaho's bird totem. It was sattled in SoHo of the mid-term of Dawonkou culture. Three-legged Crow was expressed first as a symbol of ‘bird carrying the sun’ in Dawonkou culture. At that time, type with three legs did not show up clearly, but since then have evolved into distinctive three legs were in Dong Ii Culture including Korea. In addition to, also expressed as a three-dimensional kettle in Dawonkou culture which can be said to be the‘Cooking tripod of Dawonkou culture’. Therefore, the cooking tripod of the Dawonkwoo culture is ‘the imitation of the idea object’ which symbolizes the Three-legged Crow, rather than the 'first form human creation' mentioned in 『The course of beauty』 by Li Zehou. In addition, it was widely used as a symbol of deify the kingship and superior ethnicity in the form of ‘The phoenix with three legs’ in Korea. These facts can be interpreted that the Cooking tripod of Dawonkou culture and the symbol of Three-legged Crow in Korea are based on the one faith. And Korea can be estimated a main axis of Crow and Dong Ii culture.