북헌(北軒) 김춘택(金春澤)의 제주 유배지 삶에 대한 고찰

Abstract

Jeju Island was an isolated highland surrounded by the sea, and from the late Goryeo period to the end of the Joseon Dynasty, it served as a place of exile for hundreds of people. After being occupied by the Yuan(元) Dynasty, Jeju Island was also historically known as a place of exile for immigrants for about a hundred years. During the Joseon Dynasty, it was chosen as a place of exile for those who received the highest form of punishment politically and ideologically. . Those exiled included politicians, royalty, scholars, officials, and criminals of various degrees, as it was considered an optimal location for political isolation. The punishment mainly involved two forms: "Wirianchi," which involved surrounding the exiled individual's residence with thorns to physically isolate them, and "Jeoldoanchi," which involved exile to remote islands like Jeju Island. Jeju Island exile represented the most severe form of Jeoldoanchi, which effectively cut off the exiled individuals from the outside world, making it the most severe and isolating punishment. This study aims to examine the literary legacy, education of future generations, and the imprint left on Jeju Island by Kim Chun-taek also known as Bukheon, a scholar of the Sukjong era who endured various hardships during the Joseon Dynasty. Bukheon, Kim Chun-taek, was the descendant of Kim Man-jung, who authored "The Cloud Dream of the Nine” and “Sassinamjeonggi,” also the nephew of Queen Ingyeong , the wife of King Sukjong. From a young age, Kim Chun-taek received education from Kim Man-jung and was recognized for his exceptional talent, even receiving praise from Kim Su-hang. He endured numerous difficulties during political conflicts due to his affiliation with the prominent factions of Seo-in and Noron. He was exiled to Jeju in September 1706 (during the 32nd year of King Sukjong's reign) and departed from Jeju in 1710 (during the 36th year of King Sukjong's reign) when he was transferred to Impi Soanyeok. While in exile on Jeju, he resided in the same place where his father, Kim Jin-gu, had lived during his own exile. He taught a student from Jeju, followed his father's teachings, and that student passed the civil service examination, leaving behind a notable legacy. It is deemed that there is sufficient value in reevaluating the aspect of fostering successors in Jeju, where academic and intellectual resources were scarce. While Bukheon has been widely discussed by many, there is a desire to examine, albeit limited, the traces left by Bukheon in Jeju. Research on literary materials left by successors is deemed necessary; however, it has been challenging due to the fragmented and limited nature of available evidence.