朝鮮時代 經筵官 硏究

Abstract

Joseon dynasty that was established by neoconfucianism of Chu-tzu(朱子性理學) pursued benevolent royal government. As a result, Emperor's learning(經筵) that guided king as was reinforced. Therefore, Emperor's learning(經筵) can be said the most important of political system Joseon dynasty. Office of Emperor's learning was operated by appointing the Highest group of the third grade(堂上官) like Daejehak(大提學) or important scholars in early period of Joseon dynasty. Jiphyeonjeon(集賢殿) installed the in Sejong(世宗) took charge of the Emperor's learning(經筵) and Emperor's Learning system(經筵制度) that Censorial Impeachments(臺諫)·Royal Secretary(承旨)·Official Historians have an audience with the king was equipped. But this system was abolished by abolition of Jiphyeonjeon(集賢殿). After that, this system was resurrected by Hongmungwan(弘文館). Therefore, Hongmungwan(弘文館) developed Speaking Officials that was one of the Three Censorates. System of Teukjingwan(特進官) was introduced in the latter half of Seongjong(成宗), but that was reintroduced in Jungjong(中宗). Selection of the Office of Emperor's Learning was not based an official post but scholarship and morality was important. Qualifications of Teukjingwan(特進官) was mentioned and problems of inviting scholar as a Teukjingwan(特進官) that was belong to the Highest group of the third grade(堂上官). What inviting distinguished scholar out of office as a Office of Emperor's learning(經筵官) was a most important political issue because this was developed inviting of Sanlim(山林). However, Emperor's learning system in early period of Joseon dynasty had the problem that passing the civil examination needed to be a Office of Emperor's learning(經筵官). System of Chanseon(贊善)·Jinseon(進善)·Jwaeju(祭酒) was a way to be the Office of Emperor's Learning(經筵官) as a Sanlim(山林). Office of Chanseon(贊善)·Jinseon(進善)·Jwaeju(祭酒) was created to invite as a teacher who participated in Emperor's Learning(經筵). Song-siyeol(宋時烈)·Song-jungil(宋浚吉)· Yi-yutae(李惟泰) was working as a Office of Emperor's Learning of Sanlim(山林 經筵官) in Hyojong(孝宗). This system changed that Chanseon·Jinseon·Jwaeju held Yijochamui(吏曹參議)·Yijopanseo(吏曹判書). Sanlim(山林) held Chanseon(贊善)·Jinseon(進善) even if they held Yijopanseo(吏曹判書)·Deasaheon(大司憲) in Hyunjong(孝宗). And they called Seoyeongwan (書筵官) to participate in Emperor's learning(經筵) and also treated specially. Chanseon(贊善)·Jinseon(進善) roled as prime minister of Sanlim(山林) while a coterie responsible for the political situation by turns in Sukjong(肅宗). Yu-cheokgi(兪拓基)·Song-myeongheum(宋明欽)·Kim-wonhaeng(金元行) of Noron(老論) Sanlim(山林) who invited to Office of Emperor's learning(經筵官) led the political situation while Yongjo executed Impartiality Policy(蕩平策). Office of Emperor's learning of Sanlim(山林 經筵官) was enough to maintain Seoyeongwan(書筵官) of crown prince in Jeongjo(正祖). Office of Emperor's Learning(經筵官) was led by office of Kyujanggak (奎章閣). Concurrent office of Emperor's Learning was possible only teacher of crown prince. Office of Emperor's Learning(經筵官) was changed by changing of neoconfucianism of Chu-tzu(朱子性理學) from the early period of Joseon dynasty to the latter period of Joseon dynasty.