고려시대의 도서(섬)의 인식과 개발

Abstract

The island is land and part of the territory. The pre-modern dynasties also had to manage, supervise and protect the islands and their inhabitants. Because of this, the island belonging to the territory of the state is also subject to civilization influence of a king. Under the Kung-Ye regime, Wang Geon occupied Jindo-gun and Goi Island as commander-in-chief of the Navy and took control of the waterway leading to Naju. In addition, King Taejo of Goryeo Dynasty made Usankuk (Ulleungdo) and Tamlaguk(Jeju), which had representative maritime forces, subordinate to Goryeo. Thus Tamla of the Southwest Sea together with Ulleungdo of the East Sea were included in the Kunhyŏn System of Goryeo. This marked a major expansion of Goryeo’s marine territory. Meanwhile, Kangwahdo, Jindo, the base of Sambyeolcho Resistance, and Jeju were noted as the most important islands in the period of Resistance of the Mongol Invasion forces. Also, during the Resettlements on the Islands process, islands in the west coast were largely used. During this process, some islands were developed and there were newly identified islands. However, the situation of the islands became confused by the Japanese raiders’ invasion of the late Goryeo Dynasty to the early Joseon Dynasty. Islands were continuously devastated as the ‘Evacuation Policy of Ocean Island Inhabitants’ and ‘Policy of Repatriation’ were promoted until the beginning of the Joseon Dynasty. Thus, the islands that the country actively managed from the beginning of Goryeo were considered as the territorial jurisdiction of coastal Kunhyŏn. Or it was organized into the territory of the independent Kunhyŏn itself, such as Kangwah, Jindo, Geoje, Aphae, Namhae, and Ongjin-hyun. Goryeo was the first in the history of Korea to focus on the island, which had a large population, area, and economic utility value, and actively organized it as a local administrative unit. In addition, Goryeo was the first country in history to actively lead the development and use of the island. Although the perception of the islands of the Goryeo period is very limited, there is a recognition in many sources of the idea of developing islands and creating goods of the country from them. At the end of the Goryeo era, when Japanese raiders broke into our islands and waters, Goryeo set up ‘Policy Issues in Ocean Island.’ In particular, the Goryeo government tried to prevent the devastation of the island through the construction of coastal estates or the development of the Ocean Island. However, ‘Policy Issues in Ocean Island’ of reformers such as Jo-jun and Jo-unheul have not been effective. Because of the aggression of the Japanese raiders, most of the Southwest Sea Island area of the late Goryeo Dynasty to the early Joseon Dynasty was undergoing a historical vacuum.