공자의 미의식의 기능과 理想

Abstract

Confucius is the great Saint from the East. Confucius differs from other Saint in that Confucius's philosophical basis is based on humanism. Of course, other saint's philosophical basis is based on humanism. But they tend to solve limitations of world of phenomenon by providing metaphysical ideology suggestion when they try to solve fundamental problems. On the other hand, Confucius said nothing in his ideology about world of heaven and world of nirvana. That’s why Confucius avoided mentioning ghosts and marvels. This is an unparalleled greatest achievement of Confucius. But at the same time, it is pointed out his weaknesses. Confucius insists on love for human by realistic and humane methodology. That is study of benevolence(仁學) of Confucius which would be the basis of ideology of Confucius. Then, What is substitute for metaphysical solution? That is realising mind of benevolence in real society. And then, it made everyone feel so peaceful. Then, how should we realize mind of benevolence in real society? Confucius thought that realising mind of benevolence in real society was to have aesthetic consciousness which brought out human's basic mind such as music and poetry. Of course music and poetry was a representation of the popular culture of the time. That is, music and poetry of the time contained the humanistic the quality of education. So, Confucius thought that music and poetry made everyone develop, and customs enlighten. Thus, Confucius always emphasized his disciples that they should study the thought of Ye-Ak(禮樂思想). This is the governing idea of Confucius. Confucius emphasized aesthetic consciousness to reveal and realize of the mind of benevolence. And he wanted that aesthetic consciousness were expressed by manners. Also, he wanted to enlighten the customs by expression of aesthetic consciousness. At the personal level, realization of the mind of benevolence and expression of aesthetic consciousness aimed at whole personal noble man. In other words, Confucius had an ambition to make artistic life through the harmony of Ye-Ak(文質彬彬) which was the beauty of content(內容美) and the beauty of form(形式美) in aesthetic consciousness.