이집트군의 분열 양상과 2011년 시민혁명
Intra-division of the Egyptian Armed Forces and the Nile Revolution of 2011
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본고는 이집트군은 군 내부의 분열로 무바라크 대통령을 민주화 시위대로부터 보호할 수 없었다는 사실을 밝힌다. 무바라크로부터 부와 지위를 보장받은이집트의 군 수뇌부는 무바라크를 지지할 충분한 이유가 있었다. 그러나 국방부의 통제를 받는 정규군과 내무부의 통제를 받는 보안군은 서로 반목하는 관계를갖고 있었으며, 이집트군의 중간계급 장교들은 부패하고 무능한 군 수뇌부에 대해 불만을 쌓아가고 있었다. 정규군과 보안군, 군 수뇌부와 중간계급 장교들은민주화 시위에 대해 서로 상반된 태도를 보임에 따라 무바라크 정권은 반정부시위대에 효과적으로 저항할 수 없었다. 분석결과는 군 조직 특성에 주목함으로써 민주화 과정에 대한 이해를 증진시킬 수 있다는 사실을 보여준다.
Abstract
This study demonstrates that the Egyptian Armed Forces was not able to suppress demonstrations for democracy due to lack of ability. The military elites to whom Mubarak provided money and status had clear reason to support the Mubarak government. However, the Armed Forces under the control of ministry of defense and the Central Security Service under the control of ministry of interior have been at odds with each other, and middle-ranking officers have had grievance against military who were corrupt and incompetent. As a consequence, the Mubarak government could not fight effectively against people demanding democracy because Armed Forces and Central, military elites and middle-ranking officers assumed contradictory attitude toward anti-government demonstrations. Results give an implication that democratic transition can be better understood by paying more attention to the characteristics of military organization.
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