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아동 수사면담 맥락에서 ‘라포’의 개념과 그 특성에 대한 고찰

An Overview of Concept and Features of Rapport in the Context of Child Investigative Interview

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한국경찰학회 (Korean Association Of Police Science)|2017.06|한국경찰학회보 (The Korean Association of Police Science Review)|제19권 제3호|pp. 153-186

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참고문헌

키워드

수사면담아동Child라포Rapport라포 형성Investigative Interview면담자InterviewerRapport Building

초록

사법적 판결이 사건관계인(피해자, 목격자, 피의자 등)의 진술에 의존하는 경우가 증가하면서 경찰 조사에서 완전하고 신뢰로운 진술을 확보하는 과학적 방법에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 특히 물적 증거가 존재하지 않는 경우 경찰은 수사면담을 통해 사건관계인들로부터 최대한 정확하고 풍부한 진술을 이끌어내는 것을 목표로 한다. 이 경우 수사면담 시 질적으로 우수한 라포는 피면담자의 진술의 양과 정확성에 매우 중요한 기능을 한다. 그러나 수사면담 맥락에서 바람직한 라포 형성에 대해 살펴본 자료는 드물다. 특히 아동 수사면담 맥락에서 라포의 개념과 그 이론적 토대 그리고 라포 측정 방법에 대한 정보는 매우 부족하다. 따라서 본 연구는 수사 초기 경찰이 면담을 실시하는 경우 피면담자 특히 아동과 원활한 라포를 구축하는 데 필요한 지식을 종합해 보고자 하였다. 또한 아동 수사면담 시 응용해 볼 수 있는 라포 형성과 라포를 방해하는 요인에 대해 살펴보았다. 이를 통해 아동 수사면담 시 라포의 개념이 갖추어야 하는 특성과 그에 대한 올바른 이해, 라포에 대한 후속 연구의 방향을 제언하였다.

Abstract

The rising number of cases in which the judicial verdict is gravely influenced by the statements of people involved in the case (e.g., victim, eyewitness, suspect) has highlighted the rationale for developing a scientific means to secure a complete and reliable statement during the police investigation process. In particular, the police must draw accurate and rich statements from people involved in a case via an investigative interview in cases that lack physical evidence, and in such cases, high-quality rapport has a critical impact on the volume and accuracy of the statement. However, opinions about the methods and types of desirable rapport building vary among experts. In particular, information about the concept of rapport, its theoretical basis, and scientific measurement of rapport in the context of investigative interview for children is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed at examining knowledge required by the police to smoothly build rapport with the interviewee, particularly a child, in early stages of investigation. Furthermore, this study examined the method of effective rapport building and factors that hinder rapport building in investigative interviews involving children. Based on the findings, we offered an understanding of the meaning of rapport in the context of an investigative interview and suggested the directions for subsequent studies on rapport.

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