경찰공무원들의 직무요구가 직무소진과 이직의도에 미치는 영향: 적극적 성격의 조절효과
The Effect of Job Demands on Job Burnout and Turnover Intention Among Police Officers: The Moderating Effect of Proactive Personality
0
조회
0
다운로드
11
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
경찰공무원들의 업무량이 증가하면서 경찰공무원들은 직무로 인한 스트레스를 많이 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 업무량의 증가가 직무소진과 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 조사하고 이러한 영향이 경찰공무원들의 개인특성인 적극적 성격에 따라 어떻게 달라지는지를 분석하였다. 이들 관계를 분석하기 위하여 조절효과분석과 매개효과분석 및 조절된 매개효과분석을 실시하였다. 247명의 경찰공무원들의 응답자료를 SPSS Macro와 SPSS PROCESS Macro를 이용하여 분석한 결과 다음의 결론들이 도출되었다. 첫째, 직무요구(업무량)가 증가하면 직무소진이 증가하는데 경찰관들의 성격이 적극적일수록 이러한 영향은 완화되는 조절효과가 나타났다. 둘째, 경찰관들의 직무요구가 증가하면 직무소진이 증가하고 직무소진의 증가는 이직의도의 증가로 이어지는 매개효과가 나타났다. 셋째, “직무요구→직무소진→이직의도”의 매개효과는 모든 경찰관들에게 동일하게 나타나지 않았다. 즉, 매개효과는 적극적 성격의 크기가 낮은 경찰관들에게만 유의하게 나타났고 적극적 성격의 크기가 강한 경찰관들에게는 유의하지 않았다. 이상의 결론은 경찰관들의 직무소진과 이직의도를 감소시키기 위해서는 경찰관들의 업무량을 줄여주고 이들의 채용 시에 적극적 성격을 지닌 후보자를 선정하거나 교육 등을 통하여 이러한 개인적인 성격을 고양시키는 정책이 필요할 것이다.
Abstract
Drawing on proactive coping theory and conservation of resources(COR) theory, this research investigated the moderating effects of proactive personality on the relationships between job demands and job burnout among police officers. The results of mediation, moderation and moderated mediation analysis using SPSS Macro and SPSS PROCESS Macro are as follows:Proactive personality significantly moderated the relationships between job demands and job burnout, suggesting that for more proactive police officers job demands did not significantly influence job burnout, while for less proactive police officers more job demands led to significantly higher job burnout. In particular, proactive personality has a moderating effect on the mediation relationship between job demands and turnover intention via job burnout, meaning that the mediating effect was stronger in the low proactive personality group(moderated mediation effect). Therefore, organizations should be aware of the vital role of police officers' proactive personality.
참고문헌 (35)
- Aiken, L. S., "Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions" (1991), Sage
- Alarcon, G., "Relationships between personality variables and burnout: A meta-analysis", Work & Stress, 23(3), pp.244~263 (2009)
- Ashill, N. J., "Burnout processes in non-clinical health service encounters", Journal of Business Research, 64, pp.1116~1127 (2011)
- Babakus, E., "The role of customer orientation as a moderator of the job demand-burnoutperformance relationship: A surface-level trait perspective", Journal of Retailing, 85, pp.480~492 (2009)
- Baron, R. M., "The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), pp.1173~1182 (1986)
- Bateman, T. S., "The proactive component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates", Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14, pp.103~118 (1993)
- Chen, C-F., "Investigating the antecedents and consequences of burnout and isolation among flight attendants", Tourism Management, 33, pp.868~874 (2012)
- Cheng, P-Y., "Ethical contexts and employee job responses in the hotel industry: The roles of work values and perceived organizational support", International Journal of Hospitality Management, pp.108~115 (2013)
- Cunningham, C. J. L., "The interactive effects of proactive personality and work-family interference on well-being", Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 13(3), pp.271~282 (2008)
- Fuller Jr., "Change driven by nature: A meta-analytic review of the proactive personality literature", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75, pp.329~345 (2009)
- Grandey, A. A., "The conservation of resources model applied to work-family conflict and strain", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 54, pp.350~370 (1999)
- Hakanen, J. J., "The job demands-resources model: A three-year cross-lagged study of burnout, depression, commitment, and work engagement", Work & Stress, 22(3), pp.224~241 (2008)
- Hall, G. B., "Job demands, work-family conflict, and emotional exhaustion in police officers: A longitudinal test of competing theories", Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83, pp.237~250 (2010)
- Han, Y., "Role conflict and the buffering of proactive personality among middle managers", Social Behavior and Personality, 42(3), pp.473~486 (2014)
- Hansen, N., "Predicting nurse burnout from demands and resources in three acute care hospitals under different form of ownership: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey", International Journal of Nursing Studies, 46, pp.96~107 (2009)
- (2012)[URL]
- Hobfoll, S. E., "Consrvation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress", Americal Psychologist, 44(3), pp.513~524 (1989)
- Kim, H., "Burnout and turnover intention among social workers: Effects of role stress, job autonomy and social support", Administration in Social Work, 32(3), pp.5~25 (2008)
- Lau, V. P., "Turning the tables:Mitigating effects of proactive personality on the relationships between work-to-family conflict and work- and nonwork-related outcomes", Career Development International, 18(5), pp.503~520 (2013)
- Lee, R. T., "A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout", Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(2), pp.123~133 (1996)
- Lizano, E. L., "Workplace demands and resources as antecedents of job burnout among public child welfare workers: A longitudinal study", Children and Youth Services Review, 34, pp.1769~1776 (2012)
- Martinussen, M., "Job demands, job resources, and burnout among police officers", Journal of Criminal Justice, 35, pp.239~249 (2007)
- Maslach, C., "The measurement of experienced burnout", Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2, pp.99~113 (1981)
- Maslach, C., "Maslach burnout inventory manual" (1996), Consulting Psychologists Press
- Matz, A. K., "A meta-analysis of the correlates of turnover intent in criminal justice organizations: Does agency type matter?", Journal of Criminal Justice, 42, pp.233~243 (2014)
- Parker, S. K., "Minimizing strain and maximizing learning: The role of job demands, job control, and proactive personality", Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(6), pp.925~939 (1999)
- Pines, A. M., "Stress and burnout: The significant difference", Personality and Individual Difference, 39, pp.625~635 (2005)
- Podsakoff, N. P., "Differential challenge stressor-hindrance stressor relationships with job attitudes, turnover intentions, turnover, and withdrawal behavior:A meta-analysis", Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(2), pp.438~454 (2007)
- Preacher, K. J., "SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models", Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36(4), pp.717~731 (2004)
- Preacher, K. J., "Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses: Theory, methods, and prescriptions", Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42(1), pp.185~227 (2007)
- Schaufeli, W. B., "Introduction to special issue on burnout and health", Psychology and Health, 16(5), pp.501~510 (2001)
- Seibert, S. E., "Proactive personality and career success", Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(3), pp.416~427 (1999)
- Swider, B. W., "Born to burnout: A meta-analytic path model of personality, job burnout, and work outcomes", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 76, pp.487~506 (2010)
- Vassos, M. V., "Investigating the importance of various individual, interpersonal, organizational and demographic variables when predicting job burnout in disability support workers", Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33, pp.1780~1791 (2012)
- Zhao, H., "Workplace ostracism and hospitality employees' couterproductive work behaviors: The joint moderating effects of proactive personality and political skill", International Journal of Hospitality Management, 33, pp.219~227 (2013)