절차적 정의에 기반한 경찰활동의 국내 적용방안
A Study on the Domestic Application of Procedural Justice-Based Policing
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자발적인 시민참여를 유도하기 위해서는 경찰활동에 대한 시민의 신뢰가 전제되어야 한다. 이 연구는 시민신뢰를 이끌어내기 위한 여러 방안 중 ‘절차적 정의’에 입각한 경찰활동을 주요하게 탐색하였다. 기존 절차적 정의에 관한 연구는 주로 해외에서 수행되어 왔으며, 국내에서의 연구는 미진한 상태였다. 하지만 현재 경찰조직의 주요 정책기조중 하나가 ‘절차적 정의’라는 점에서 국내연구의 미진은 아쉬울 수밖에 없다. 이러한 측면에서 첫째로 절차적 정의에 관한 이론적 배경과 해외 적용사례들을 중점적으로 문헌을 검토하였다. 다음으로 국내 적용가능성을 파악하고, 실무상 적용방안을 고찰하였다. 실무 적용에 있어서는 절차적 정의의 핵심요소인 ‘의사결정’과 ‘처우’ 측면을 조직 내ㆍ외부 각각에 접목하여 크게 4개의 추진전략을 세웠다. 결과적으로, 이 연구는 각 국ㆍ관, 과ㆍ계별로 절차적 정의의 관점에서 소관업무상 문제점과 과제를 발굴하고, 개선방안을 도출할 수 있는 모델(안)을 제시하였다. 또한, 해외사례 검토를 토대로 실효성있는 실험연구의 국내 수행의 필요성을 제시하였으며, 절차적 정의에 관한 교육훈련 강화에 관한 함의를 도출하였다.
Abstract
In order to induce voluntary citizen participation, citizens' trust in policing must be premised. This study mainly explored Procedural Justice Policing among the various measures to elicit citizen trust. Research on the existing procedural justice has been mainly conducted overseas, and research in Korea has been incomplete. However, the lack of domestic research is regrettable in that one of the main policy stances of the current police organization is “procedural justice”. In this respect, the literature was first reviewed focusing on the theoretical background on procedural justice and cases of overseas application. Next, domestic applicability was identified and practical application methods were considered. When it comes to practical application, four major strategies were established by incorporating the “quality of decision making” and “quality of interpersonal treatment” aspects, which are the core elements of procedural justice, both inside and outside the organization. As a result, this study presented a model(proposal) capable of discovering problems and tasks in the relevant business from the perspective of procedural justice for each bureau, agency, department, and sector, and to derive improvement measures. In addition, based on the overseas case review, the necessity of conducting effective experimental research in Korea was presented, and implications for reinforcing education and training on procedural justice were derived.
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