중국 元代 해상조운과 遮陽船

Abstract

All the rulers since CHIN Dynasty had adapted system of transporting rice by way of the ocean, but the most important ocean transportation system was that of YUAN dynasty. YUAN dynasty levied 1,211,000 SEOK per year, and some 1 million SEOK was collected in southern part of China. It had been adapted the system to transport levied-rice by way of canal and inland waterway in the early of YUAN dynasty. But since it took long time and costed too much but it could transport rather little quantity, it could not satisfy the demand for the market. For overcoming these matters, YUAN dynasty took action to adapt new system to transport levied-rice by way of the ocean. There were scattered rocks, islets, and sands in northern passage. The vessel used for the northern passage was Chinese Junk, named Zhe-Yang ship. The characteristics of Zhe-Yang ship used for transporting levied-rice in YUAN dynasty is as follows; Firstly, it has the flat-bow and -stern and -bottom and it could sail in regardless of direction of wind and current. Secondly, bulkhead and longitudinal beam were used for strengthening the longitudinal and the transverse strength of the ship. Thirdly, since Zhe-Yang ship has little resistance against current because it has rather big L/B ratio and little draft, it could be maneuvered with ease in comparison of steep bottom vessel.