宋代 東아시아 海上貿易과 季節風 -高麗와 南中國 사이를 中心으로-

Abstract

In this writing, in order to identify to use seasonal wind to marine traders of East Asia in Song Dynasty, I have analyzed in the center of the arrival in port of yaeseung(禮成港) of Song marine traders, the arrival of Koryo delegate from Song China, and the clearance records of diplomatic delegates. Consequently there were many cases of arrival Song marine traders coming into yaeseunghang(禮成港), generally from July to August of the lunar and the following months are May and June of lunar. Furthermore when I examined the return of Koryo delegates, mainly there were many case in May and June of lunar. Besides in clearance record from yaeseunghang(禮成港), there were many case in February, March, April, July and August. That Song marine traders and Koryo delegates arrived in May and July is interpreted to use the seasonal south(or south-west) wind of South China in spring like popular view. On the contrary, in the document which recorded the Koryo delegates left for South China, they mostly left in spring like February and March, and in fall like July and August. It means that they used east-north wind blowing in spring and fall, which is not recognized so far. Consequently it is different from accepted view that Song Marine traders used the north wind in winter to return to South China. Especially July and August of lunar are subtle season when it would blow south wind or east-north wind. So Song Marine traders came to Koryo in this season, reversely Koryo delegates would leave for South China. On this part, though it is necessary to investigate meteorological analysis, it assumed that marine traders would make a voyage, by judging the direction of wind. Up to date though it is understood that Song Marine traders came to Koryo once a year, actually they make a round trip twice a year frequently. On the other hand Koryo marine traders would go to and from South China, in this case as Koryo vessels were flat-bottomed ships which were slow, it is estimated that they may have gone to and from once a year.