공정위 해운업계 공동행위 과징금 부과 문제점 분석
Problems with Penalty Surcharges for Joint Actions in the Shipping Industry by the Fair Trade Commission
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초록
본 연구는 공정위 해운업계 공동행위 과징금 부과의 문제점을 해운경기변동론 측면에서 분석하였다. 첫째, 선사 간 공동행위로 인한 운임의 안정성 여부를 분석했다. 해운 운임의 변동성과 인과관계 분석 결과, 선사의 공동행위보다는 중국 정부의 과도한 덤핑운임 금지 이후 운임이 안정된 것으로 분석되었다. 중국 정부의 개입 이후 안정된 중-일 항로의 운임은 한국, 동남아 항로에도 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 분석 결과는 한-일, 한-중, 한-동남아 항로는 독자적인 폐쇄 시장이 아니라 상호 연동된 시장인 것을 의미한다. 두 번째, 선사 간 공동행위와 수익성 간의 관련성을 분석했다. 선사의 공동행위는 선사의 이익을 안정적으로 보장해주는 수준까지는 아니었다. 따라서 선사의 공동행위보다는 중국 정부의 개입 이후 운임이 안정되었으며, 동아시아 시장 전체로 보지 않고 개별 항로로 판단하여 과징금을 부과한 공정위의 제재는 적절하지 않다.
Abstract
This study analyzed the problem of the penalty surcharges for joint actions in the shipping industry in therms volatility of the shipping. First, the stability of shipping freight rates due to joint actions between shipping liners was analyzed. As a result of analyzing the volatility of shipping freight rates and causality, it was analyzed that shipping freight rates were stable after the Chinese government banned excessive dumping charges rather than joint actions of shipping liners. Second, the relationship between the joint actions and profitability of shipping liners was analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the joint actions of shipping liners did not guarantee. Therefore, shipping freight rates have been stabilized after the intervention of the Chinese government rather than the joint action of shipping liners, and the penalty surcharges by the fair trade commission for judging the East Asian market as an individual route is also not appropriate.
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