에코익을 통한 택트교육이 자폐성장애아동의 새로운 택트행동습득에 미치는 효과
Effects of the Echoic-to-Tact Procedure on the Emergence of New Tacts for Children with ASD
0
조회
0
다운로드
13
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구에서는 2명의 3세 자폐성장애아동에게서 에코익을 통한 택트교육의 효과를 분석하였다. 독립변인인 에코익을 통한 택트 교육은 사진카드 속 사물이름을 말해주고 이를 따라하는 에코익 절차와 아동이 독립적으로 그 사물의 이름을 말하는 택트절차가 시행되는 방식으로 진행되었다. 중재는 약 한 달에 걸쳐서 일주일에 1회기 또는 2회기, 한 회기당 20분간 시행되었다. 종속변인으로 연구대상아동의 사진을 보여주었을 때 보여지는 사물의 이름을 독립적으로 말하는 택트정반응의 수를 측정하였다. 에코익을 통한 택트활용중재가 그림카드를 통해 나타난 택트정반응율에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 AB 설계법을 사용하였다. 연구 결과에 따르면 에코익을 통한 택트교육은 새로운 목표 택트반응을 가르치는데 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 연구대상자 B의 연구결과는 중재법의 택트행동에 대한 효과성을 증대하기 위해서는 자음모음의 정확한 발음과 같은 관련 선제기술의 성취가 필요함을 보여주었다.
Abstract
We tested the effect of the echoic-to-tact procedure on the acquisition of new tacts for two three-year-old students with ASD. An AB design was employed to identify a potential functional relation between the dependent and independent variables. The dependent variable was the number of correct tact response to the visual stimuli presented by the instructor. The independent variable was the implementation of the echoic-to-tact procedure in which the echoic modeling was provided and faded into the independent tact responses. Results showed that the echoic-to-tact procedure was effective to teach new tacts for Participant A. For Participant B, the results suggests that more prerequisite cusps or developmental milestone to improve his articulation.
참고문헌 (34)
- 최진혁, "The Effects of Providing Contingent Tact Opportunities upon the Occurrence of Vocal Stereotypy for Two Middle School Students with ASD", 특수아동교육연구, 14(4), pp.253~269 (2012), 한국특수아동학회
- 최진혁, "The Effects of Intensive Tact Instruction on the Emergence of Vocal Verbal Operants in Non-Instructional Settings for Elementary School Students with ASD", 특수교육학연구, 49(3), pp.29~44 (2014), 한국특수교육학회[DOI]
- 최진혁, "The Effects of Peer-Yoked Contingency on Conversational Units and Sequelics for Three High School Students with Intellectual Disability", 지적장애연구, 16(4), pp.337~355 (2014), 한국지적장애교육학회
- Arntzen, E., "Effects of mand-tact versus tact-only training on the acquisition of tacts", Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 35, pp.419~422 (2002)
- Barbera, M. L., "Transfer procedures to teach tacts to a child with autism", The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 21, pp.155~161 (2005)
- Bloh, C., "Assessing transfer of stimulus control procedures across learners with autism", The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 24, pp.87~101 (2008)
- Carroll, R. J., "The effect of alternating mand and tact training on the acquisition of tacts", The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 5, pp.55~65 (1987)
- Choi, J. H., "Effects mastery of auditory match-to-sample instruction on echoics, emergence of advanced listener literacy, and speaker as own listener cusps by elementary school students with ASD and ADHD", Doctor, pp.2012
- Cooper, J. O., "Applied behavior analysis", pp.2007, Pearson
- Doll, E. A., "Korean-Vineland social maturity scale" (1998), Chungang Press
- Drash, P. D., "Using mand training to establish an echoic repertoire in young children with autism", The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 16, pp.29~44 (1999)
- Greer, R. D., "Designing teaching strategies: An applied behavior analysis systems approach" (2002), AcademicPress
- Greer, R. D., "The evolution of verbal behavior in young children", The Speech-Language Pathology and Applied Behavior Analysis, 1, pp.111~141 (2005)
- Greer, R. D., "Verbal behavior analysis: Inducing and expanding new verbal capabilities in children with language delays" (2008), Person Education, Inc
- 최진혁, "언어행동분석" (2011), 시그마프레스
- Greer, R. D., "The integration of speaker and listener responses : A theory of verbal development", The Psychological Record, 59, pp.449~488 (2009)
- Hersen, M. H., "Single case experimental designs" (1976), Per-gamon
- Johnston, J. M., "Strategies and tactics of behavioral research" (2008), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
- Kodak, T., "Acquisition of mands and tacts with concurrent echoic training", Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 42, pp.839~843 (2009)
- Lovaas, O. L., "Behavioral treatment and normal educational and intellectual functioning in young children with autism", Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, pp.3~9 (1987)
- Lowenkron, B., "Meaning : A verbal behavior account", The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 20, pp.77~97 (2004)
- Michael, J., "Establishing operations and the mand", The Behavior Analyst, 16, pp.3~9 (1988)
- Michael, J., "Establishing operations", The Behavior Analyst, 16, pp.191~206 (1993)
- Michael, J., "Implications and refinements of the establishing operation concept", Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 33, pp.401~411 (2000)
- 박혜숙, "Effects of Echoic-to-Tact Prompt on Reducing Palilalia in a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder", 특수교육저널:이론과 실천, 15(3), pp.29~45 (2014), 한국특수교육문제연구소
- 박혜숙, "Using a Rapid Echoic Tact Procedure to Reduce Vocal Stereotypy and Palilalia and Increase Tacts", 정서·행동장애연구, 30(2), pp.233~256 (2014), 한국정서·행동장애아교육학회
- Ross, D. E., "Generalized imitation and the mand : Inducing first instances of speech in young children with autism", Research in Developmental Disabilities, 24, pp.58~74 (2003)
- Sautter, R. A., "Empirical applications of Skinners analysis of verbal behavior with human", The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 22, pp.35~48 (2006)
- Schopler, E., "Toward objective classification of childhood autism : Childhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS)", Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorder, 10, pp.91~103 (1980)
- Sigafoos, J., "Developing mand and tact repertoires in people with severe developmental disabilities using graphic symbols", Research in Developmental Disabilities, 10, pp.183~200 (1989)
- Skinner, B. F., "Verbal behavior" (1957), Appleton-Century-Crofts
- Sundberg, M. L., "Teaching language to children with autism or other developmental disabilities" (1998), Behavior Analysts
- Sundberg, M L., "The benefits of Skinners analysis of verbal behavior for children with autism", Behavior Modification, 25, pp.698~724 (2001)
- Wallace, M. D., "Establishment of mand of following tact training as a function of reinforce strength", Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 39, pp.17~24 (2006)