중학생의 부모 양육태도와 스트레스, 스트레스 대처 및 자아효능감의 관계
Relationship Between Perceived Parental Rearing Attitudes, Stress, Stress-coping and Self-efficacy of Middle School Students
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초록
본 연구는 중학교 1, 2학년생 262명을 대상으로 부모양육행동과 스트레스, 스트레스 대처 및 자아효능감의 정도와 부모양육태도와 각 변수 간의 상관관계를 파악하기 위한 서술적 상관관계 연구로서 빈도와 백분율, 평균점수와 Pearson’s correlation coefficient로 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 부모의 양육태도는 보통 이상의 긍정적인 태도를 보여주었다. 둘째, 스트레스 정도는 보통 이하이었으나 학업과 부모영역에서 가장 높은 스트레스를 갖고 있었다. 셋째, 스트레스 대처행동은 적극적인 대처행동을 가장 많이하였고, 사회적지지 추구대처행동은 가장 적게 하였으며, 자아효능감은 보통 이상으로 높았다. 넷째, 각 변수 간의 상관관계는 부모의 양육태도와 스트레스간에 부적인 상관관계를 보여, 양육태도가 긍정적일수록 스트레스가 낮았고, 부모의 양육태도와 자아 효능감 간에 정적인 상관관계를 보여 양육태도가 긍정적일수록 자아 효능감이 높음을 보여 주었다. 그러나 부모의 양육태도와 스트레스 대처행동과는 관계가 없었다. 이상의 연구 결과를 통하여 본 연구의 의의는 부모의 자율,관심, 애정을 포함한 양육태도를 긍정적인 면으로 높여서 중학생 자녀의 스트레스를 낮추고 자아 효능감을 높이는 것이 매우중요하다는 것을 확인한 것이다. 또한 부모의 양육태도와 스트레스 대처행동들과는 상관이 없고, 스트레스 대처행동이 부족함을 확인하게 되었으므로 대처행동에 관한 부모의 관심과 양육방법 및 자녀의 행동수정 등에 관한 교육이 필요하다고 본다. 따라서 부모의 양육태도에 영향을 미치는 변인에 대한 반복연구가 요구되며, 중학생의 스트레스를 낮추고 스트레스 대처방안과자아 효능감을 증진시킬 수 있는 중재방안을 모색할 수 있는 연구들을 제언하는 바이다.
Abstract
Purpose: This study was conducted to survey and examine the relationship of perceived parental rearing attitude, stress, stress-coping, and self-efficacy in middle school students. Methods: Data were collected 262 middle school students in the study. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean score for parenting attitude was 3.40 (5 scale), stress 2.36 (5 scale), stress-coping 2.12 (4 scale) and self-efficacy 2.46 (4 scale). There were a positive correlations between rearing attitude and self-efficacy (r=.141). There were a negative correlations between rearing attitude and stress (r=-.284). Conclusion: In order to promote self-efficacy and to decrease stress in middle school students, it is necessary to develop supporting intervention to develop parental rearing attitude.
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