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범불안 및 우울 증상이 공존하는 대학생들을 위한 정서조절치료(ERT)의 효과

The Effects of Emotion Regulation Therapy (ERT) in Individuals with Co-Occurring Generalized Anxiety and Depression Symptoms

박은숙|이혜진
한국임상심리학회 (Korean Clinical Psychology Association)|2017.05|Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology|제36권 제2호|pp. 206-222|DOI 10.15842/kjcp.2017.36.2.006

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참고문헌

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정서조절우울emotion regulationdepressioncomorbidity범불안공존증상정서조절치료(ERT)generalized anxietyEmotion Regulation Therapy (ERT)
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 범불안 및 우울 증상이 공존하는 대학생들을 대상으로 정서조절치료(Emotion Regulation Therapy, ERT; Mennin & Fresco, 2009)의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. ERT는 범불안장애와 주요우울장애의 신경학적 공통기제인 정서조절의 어려움을 체계적으로 다루는 프로그램으로, 1단계(1–3회기)는 정서 및 동기 알아차림 훈련, 2단계(4–6회기)는 정서조절 기술 훈련, 3단계(7–9회기)는 노출을 통한 맥락기반 학습으로 구성되어있다. 총 742명의 남녀 대학생 중에서 공존증상을 보고하는 33명을 선별하여 처치집단과 통제집단으로 나누고, 처치집단에게 9회기 ERT 프로그램을 실시하였다. 프로그램의 효과는 결과변인(걱정, 불안, 우울, 일반적 고통)과 과정변인(알아차림, 정서조절전략)로 나누어 처치 직전, 직후, 4주 후에 걸쳐 측정하였다. 사전 측정치들에서 집단 간 차이는 없었다. 그러나 프로그램 종료 후 처치집단이 통제집단에 비해 모든 결과변인들의 수준이 유의하게 감소하였고, 이러한 감소는 4주 후까지 지속되었다. 또한, 처치집단이 통제집단에 비해 프로그램 과정변인들의 모든 수준에서 유의한 변화가 있었고, 이러한 변화도 4주 후까지 유지되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 범불안및 우울 증상이 공존할 때 이들의 공통기제인 정서조절의 어려움을 단계적으로 접근하는 방법이 효과적임을 시사한다. 이 같은 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.

Abstract

This study examined the effects of Emotion Regulation Therapy (ERT; Mennin & Fresco, 2009) in individuals with co-occurring generalized anxiety and depression symptoms. ERT is designed to treat emotion regulation difficulties as commonly seen in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) by sequentially focusing on motivation, regulation, and contextual learning mechanisms. We used a group version of ERT that consisted of 9 sessions with three stages: emotional and motivational awareness training, emotional regulation skills training, and experiential exposure. A total of 33 undergraduates with co-occurring symptoms of GAD and MDD were assigned to either the ERT or control group. Selfreport questionnaires for outcome variables (worry, general distress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms) and program-related process variables (awareness and emotional regulation strategies) were assessed at pre-, post- and 4-week-after treatment. Results showed that the ERT group, as compared to the control group, showed a significant symptom reduction in all outcome variables, and this effect was maintained at the follow-up period. Moreover, the ERT group showed significant changes in the process variables that were maintained until the follow-up, when compared with the control group. These results suggest that an intervention that systematically addresses emotion dysregulation may be effective for those with comorbid anxiety and depression. Based on these findings, implications and limitations of this study are discussed.

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