상산사호商山四皓 관련 논변論辯을통하여 본조선 중기 문인들의 출처관

Abstract

This study aims to see the point of view of literary scholars in Sarim faction on taking and leaving government posts in the mid-Joseon period, looking into discussional works addressing assessment about Shangshan Sihao’s taking and leaving government posts among Shangshan Sihao-related discussions in the mid-Joseon period. Apparently, these discussions may seem to have differentiated aspects, like the denials of the Shangshan Sihao’s existence, and defense and criticism of their positions. But when carefully examining each basis of the insistences suggested, it is not difficult to draw general principles penetrating throughout the stances. First, it was emphasized that the important thing for noble men in taking and leaving government posts is their attitude to keep their own conviction and belief. As Shangshan Sihao's behaviors were to follow their own principles, considering individuals, people, and the state as the same, this became one of the important criteria to assess Shangshan Sihao. Second, it was found that it is important to keep the steadfast fidelity, and also that motive and criteria should be always reasonable when behaving. This means, in taking and leaving government posts for noble men, it is important not to rashly move positions unless there are enough, appropriate properties, and once they go into the government service, it is essential to behave totally according to proper justification, great causes, and principles. Third, it was emphasized that it is fundamental to carefully check how things would develop when making an important decision for the state, and also that fidelity and constancy must be based on the right path. Shangshan Sihao-related discussions made by Ryu Gyeongsim (柳景深), Noh Jin(盧禛), Hwang Junryang(黃俊良), Park Seungim (朴承任), and Gu Samaeng(具思孟) suggested in this paper didn't remain abstract discussion only, but also functioned as the important nucleus in their lives, and at the same time, the life principle. It is considered to be highly meaningful as their strong belief to strictly follow their rules in the right manners were brought to the fore through their Shangshan Sihao-related discussions, and also as these principles didn’t remain theoretical criteria only, but also were demonstrated through their actual lives.