의료인이 사회에 지는 책무: COVID-19 팬데믹에서 프라이버시 침해와 낙인 문제에 대응하는 윤리
Social Responsibilities of Health Care Professionals during the COVID- 19 Pandemic: Avoiding Privacy Infringements and the Stigmatization of Patients
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본 글은 COVID-19 팬데믹에서 야기될 수 있는 다양한 윤리적 이슈 중 프라이버시 침해와 낙인 문제와 관련하여 의료인이 어떠한 사회적 책무를 지니고 있는지 살펴본다. 의료인은 환자의 이익과 권익을 옹호하고 대변할 책무와 함께 팬데믹과 같은 재난 상황에서 공공선을 증진시키는 이중의 책무를 지닌다. 확진자 접촉을 추적 관리하는 방역 정책은 프라이버시를 침해하고 이는 공공선의 증진을 위해 필수 불가결한 것으로 여겨지나, 의료진의 입장에서는 환자의 이익 및 권익 보호 의무와 상충하는 결과를 낳을 수 있다. 감염병과 관련된 낙인과 차별의 문제는 공공선 증진과 환자 이익 옹호 차원 모두에서 부정적인 결과를 초래할 수 있으며, 의료진의 주의가 필요하다. 비단 COVID-19뿐만 아니라 미래에도 도래할 수 있는 신종감염병 대유행에 대응하여 의료진이 환자 및 사회에 지는 이중의 책무를 이행하기 위한 구체적인 윤리 가이드라인의 개발이 필요하다.
Abstract
This article explores the social responsibilities of healthcare professionals (HCPs) during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially those concerning the stigmatization of individuals and the infringement of privacy. In the context of public health crises like the current COVID-19 pandemic, HCPs have the dual responsibility of respecting the rights and interests of individuals and at the same time protecting and promoting public health. While contact-tracing is considered an essential public health tool, it can conflict with the rights and interests of individuals. Furthermore, the fact that exposure to infectious diseases can lead to social stigmatization and discrimination complicates efforts to protect public health during infectious disease outbreaks. The tension between respecting the rights and interests of individuals and protecting public health requires the careful attention of HCPs. This article argues for the development and implementation of ethical frameworks or models concerning the dual responsibilities of HCPs in the context of infectious disease outbreaks.
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