녹색소비자는 서로 같은 녹색 관련 문제를 경험하는가?: 소비자 의사결정접근을 통한 세분 소비자 집단별 녹색 관련 행동-경험 차이에 관한 연구
Do Green Consumers Equivalently Experience Green-related Problems?: Analyzing the Different Experience-Behavior Relationships of Green Consumer Segments through Consumer Decision Making Approach
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녹색 관련 행동의 증대에 관한 기존의 연구들은 대부분 녹색 관련 태도와 행동 간의 관계에 초점이 맞추어진 반면 본 연구는 소비자들의 녹색관련 경험과 행동 간의 관계에 초점을 맞추어 녹색 관련 행동 제고 요인을 발견하고 정책적 시사점을 제공하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 특히 경험은 소비 전 과정에 영향을 미치므로 녹색관련 경험이 녹색소비 행동에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위한 틀로서 소비자 의사결정 과정 모형을 적용하여 분석한 후 정책적 시사점을 제공하고자 한다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 분석 틀로는 소비자 의사결정 과정 모형을 적용하였고, 분석 자료로는 한국소비자원의 「2013 한국의 소비생활지표」 자료를 기초로 하였으며, 분석방법으로는 2단계군집분석과 χ2분석, 다변량분산분석(MANOVA) 등을 활용하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째. 녹색 관련 행동과 경험 데이터를 기초로 하여 2단계군집분석 방법을 활용하여 녹색소비자 세분화를 실시한 결과로서 세 개의 소비자 집단, 즉 비녹색소비자 집단, 소극적 녹색지향 집단, 녹색소비자 집단이 추출되었다. 둘째, 각 집단은 서로 다른 특성을 지니고 있었다. 셋째, 녹색 관련 소비자 집단별 녹색소비 관련 경험들은 서로 차이가 있었다. 분석 결과는 분석 내용을 소비자 의사결정 과정을 중심으로 하여 재분류한 후 분석 결과를 바탕으로 하여 녹색소비 개선을 위해 1) 경험적/사회적 가치 중심의 행동지향적 녹색 목표 설정, 2) 녹색제품 구매 동기부여 및 가치와 동기 간의 적합성 제고, 3) 정보 탐색 욕구 충족 및 정보 탐색 능력 제고: 제품 정보 표시 및 교육, 4) 정보통신기기 활용을 통한 정보 처리 용이성 및 정보 처리 능력 제고, 5) 충분한 대안 제공 및 대안 비교/평가 정보의 제시, 6) 녹색제품 선택 시 소비자들이 받는 혜택 명확화, 7) 유념적 소비 행동 등을 제언하였다.
Abstract
Most of prior research on green-related behavior has focused on attitude-behavior gap (or in a similar vein value-behavior gap). But the main theme of the paper is "Do green consumers experience same things?." The objectives of this study are focused on relationship between green consumer experience and behavior to improve green-related adoption, and suggest green consumer policy. In order to accomplish these objectives, this study analyzed the data from 「2013 Consumption Life Indicators in Korea」, using factor analysis, two-step clustering analysis, discriminant analysis, χ2 analysis, and MANOVA. This study found three segments of green-related consumes (non-green group, passive green-oriented group and green group) and described their behavioral and experiential characteristics. Suggestions for improving green consumer behavior are as follow: 1) practice-oriented green goal setting focused on experiential/social value; 2) motivating green product adoption and increasing fit between value and motive; 3) needs fulfillment and abilities improvement related to information search; 4) enhancement of information in regard to processing easiness and abilities using ICT (e.g., smartphone); 5) suggesting fluent alternatives and supporting ease of comparison; 6) vividness of consumer's benefit when adopt green products; and 7) mindful consumption practices.
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