A Critical Analysis of India’s National Education Policy 2020: Focusing on Higher Education
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India has approved its new National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) to transform India’s education system, including higher education, by 2040. The significance of this new education policy can be understood from the fact that this is India’s first education policy in the twenty-first century that will replace the previous National Policy on Education, which was introduced in 1986. This development raises important questions: What are the key features of the NEP 2020 that seeks to transform the higher education landscape in India? What are the main determinants of the new education policy? What are the major challenges India will face to implement its NEP 2020 successfully? This study seeks to answer these questions. Drawing on content analysis, this study first argues that three key features of the NEP 2020 regarding higher education make this new education policy unique and different from the earlier education policies: 1) promotion of multidisciplinary higher education; 2) stress on research and academic-industry collaboration; 3) fostering the globalization of higher education. Thereafter, this study contends that the changing global higher education system has highly influenced the formulation of India's new education policy. After decoding key features and determinates, this study underscores two key challenges India will face to accomplish the main objectives of the NEP 2020. First is the funding issue, and the second is the politicization of India's higher education. This study finally argues that India must address these critical issues to implement the NEP 2020 successfully.
Abstract
India has approved its new National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) to transform India’s education system, including higher education, by 2040. The significance of this new education policy can be understood from the fact that this is India’s first education policy in the twenty-first century that will replace the previous National Policy on Education, which was introduced in 1986. This development raises important questions: What are the key features of the NEP 2020 that seeks to transform the higher education landscape in India? What are the main determinants of the new education policy? What are the major challenges India will face to implement its NEP 2020 successfully? This study seeks to answer these questions. Drawing on content analysis, this study first argues that three key features of the NEP 2020 regarding higher education make this new education policy unique and different from the earlier education policies: 1) promotion of multidisciplinary higher education; 2) stress on research and academic-industry collaboration; 3) fostering the globalization of higher education. Thereafter, this study contends that the changing global higher education system has highly influenced the formulation of India's new education policy. After decoding key features and determinates, this study underscores two key challenges India will face to accomplish the main objectives of the NEP 2020. First is the funding issue, and the second is the politicization of India's higher education. This study finally argues that India must address these critical issues to implement the NEP 2020 successfully.
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