Unpacking India's Educational Reforms: Key Characteristics, Underlying Motivations, and Emerging Challenges
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The primary objective of this paper is to critically examine India's recent educational reforms by analyzing key characteristics, determinants, and emerging challenges. Over the past decade, India has sought to transform its educational landscape with significant initiatives aimed at positioning itself as a global leader in education. These efforts exhibit four significant characteristics: a new emphasis on skill development and vocational education, a focus on promoting holistic and multidisciplinary education, the digitalization of the education system, and the 'glocalization' of education. This study identifies the underlying motivations for these reforms, encompassing economic, social, and political drivers. Despite notable progress, significant challenges still need to be solved in India's quest to transform its educational landscape, particularly regarding resource constraints and domestic opposition to specific reforms. The paper contributes to existing literature by providing an in-depth analysis of India's educational reform efforts and offering critical insights into their implications for the reform process.
Abstract
The primary objective of this paper is to critically examine India's recent educational reforms by analyzing key characteristics, determinants, and emerging challenges. Over the past decade, India has sought to transform its educational landscape with significant initiatives aimed at positioning itself as a global leader in education. These efforts exhibit four significant characteristics: a new emphasis on skill development and vocational education, a focus on promoting holistic and multidisciplinary education, the digitalization of the education system, and the 'glocalization' of education. This study identifies the underlying motivations for these reforms, encompassing economic, social, and political drivers. Despite notable progress, significant challenges still need to be solved in India's quest to transform its educational landscape, particularly regarding resource constraints and domestic opposition to specific reforms. The paper contributes to existing literature by providing an in-depth analysis of India's educational reform efforts and offering critical insights into their implications for the reform process.
참고문헌 (44)
- Aggarwal, Jc, "Educational Reforms In India For The 21st Century" (2008), Shipra Publications
- Arnove, Robert, "A Comparison of the Chinese and Indian Education Systems", Comparative Education Review, 28(3) (1986)
- "Australia's Deakin University inaugurates India's first foreign branch campus" (2023)[URL]
- "Is India’s fiscal federalism breaking apart?" (2023)[URL]
- "National Digital University to be ‘world’s largest online university’: UGC Chairman" (2024)[URL]
- "January 21. Exploring India’s digital divide" (2022)[URL]
- Chenoy, Dilip, "Skill development for accelerating the manufacturing sector: The role of ‘new-age’ skills for ‘Make in India.’", International Journal of Training Research, 17(sup1), pp.112~130 (2019)
- Drèze, Jean, "India, Development and Participation" (2002), Oxford University Press
- "India’s digital transformation could be a game-changer for economic development" (2023)[URL]
- Dutt, Sagarika, "Identities and the Indian state : An overview", Third World Quarterly, 19(3), pp.411~434 (1998)[DOI]
- "Study in India initiative aims to attract half a million foreign students by 2047" (2023)[URL]
- "India sets goal of 500,000 international students by 2047" (2023)[URL]
- From E-learning to Ed-tech; A Case Study of India’s Road to Education 4.0, "Farhat, Laraib", Institute of Regional Studies, ~ (2023)
- "2023 to witness launch of India’s first digital university, to open new higher education avenues" (2023)[URL]
- "Modi government’s plan to make Hindi India’s national language stirs conflict" (2022)[URL]
- "One of the youngest populations in the world – India’s most valuable asset" (2021)[URL]
- "A decade of reforms: The evolution of education and skill development" (2021)[URL]
- Jena, Anshuman, "Teacher education in India: Challenges and suggestions", International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research, 6(2), pp.1~6 (2024)
- Indian Higher Education Reform: From Half-Baked Socialism to Half- Baked Capitalism, "Kapur, Devesh", Harvard University, ~ (2004)
- Kingdon, Geeta Gandhi, "The progress of school education in India", Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 23(2), pp.168~119 (2007)
- "Backlash against Indian government push to make Hindi dominant" (2023)[URL]
- Ministry of Education, "National Education Policy 2020", Ministry of Education, ~ (2020)
- "Promotion of Indian languages" (2021)[URL]
- "Multidisciplinary and holistic education" (2023)[URL]
- Ministry of Education, "National Education Policy 2020", Ministry of Education, ~ (2020)
- Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology of India, "National Digital Literacy Mission", Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology of India, ~ (2015)
- Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, "Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)", Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, ~ (2015)
- Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, "Skill India Digital", Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, ~ (2023)
- Strategy for New India @ 75, "NITI Aayog", National Institution for Transforming India. NITI Aayog, ~ (2018)
- "Digital Varsity Will Scale up Gross Enrolment Ratio in Higher Education: Dharmendra Pradhan" (2023)[URL]
- Pannikar, KN, "India's Education Policy : From National to Commercial", Economic and Political Weekly, 46(17), pp.38~42 (2011)
- Pathak, Rekha, "NEP 2020 : A Road Map to Vocational Development", Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(6), pp.66~69 (2020)
- Salient features of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi’s 77th Independence Day address on giant strides India has taken in Electronics and IT Sector, "Press Information Bureau", Press Information Bureau, ~ (2023)
- Press Information Bureau, "Government of India sets goal for international student enrollment", Press Information Bureau, ~ (2023)
- Ranjan, Amit, "Language as an Identity : Hindi–Non-Hindi Debates in India", Society and Culture in South Asia, 7(2), pp.314~337 (2021)
- Why Internationalization of Higher Education can be a Game Changer for India, "Sahoo, Niranjan", Observer Research Foundation, ~ (2020)
- Schöttli, Jivanta, "Modi-nomics and the politics of institutional change in the Indian economy", Journal of Asian Public Policy, 9(2), pp.154~169 (2016)
- "NEP 2020’s impact and implementation: A case study of Delhi University" (2023)[URL]
- "Will Budget 2022 heal India’s sagging education system?" (2022)[URL]
- "One crore jobs if BJP comes to power: Narendra Modi" (2013)[URL]
- "Reaching GER of 50% by 2030 as envisaged in NEP 2020 needs a course correction" (2020)[URL]
- "Education Budget 2024 Updates: UGC, IIMs face budget cut; here’s what Sitharaman presented" (2024)[URL]
- Salient Features of NEP 2020: Higher Education, "University Grant Commission(UGC)", University Grant Commission, ~ (2021)
- University Grant Commission(UGC), "Public Notice for Discontinuation of M.Phil Course", University Grant Commission, ~ (2021)