아시아 국가들 간의 문화적 유사성과 차별성: 한국, 중국, 필리핀, 카자흐스탄 대학생 비교
Cultural Similarity and Difference among Asian Countries: Comparison among Korea, China, Philippines, and Kazakhstan University Students
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본 연구는 아시아 국가들 간의 문화적 유사성과 차별성을 비교하고자 한다. 이를 바탕으로 아시아적 가치를 찾음과 동시에 서로의 차이를 인지하여 추후 문화적, 사회적, 경제적 교류에 시사점을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서는 문화의 구성과 측정이 각 국에서 타당성과 신뢰성을 가질 수 있는지를 증명한 후 이를 바탕으로 탐험적으로 한국․중국․필리핀․카자흐스탄 국가 간의 문화적 유사성과 차이를 비교하고자 한다. 연구 결과 측정항목은 국가마다 다소의 차이가 있지만 문화의 구성영역의 개념은 동일하게 적용해 볼 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 한국․중국․필리핀․카자흐스탄에서 집단주의, 위험회피, 남성성, 권력간격, 장기지향성의 영역을 구분하여 문화를 비교하는 것이 가능하다. 4개국 간의 문화를 비교해 보았을 때는 영역별로 그 차이와 유사의 정도는 다르게 나타났음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 한국․중국․필리핀․카자흐스탄 대학생과 교류를 하거나 추후 이들이 조직에 편입되었을 때 각국의 문화적 특성을 고려할 필요가 있음을 시사하고 있다.
Abstract
This study compare cultural similarities and difference among four Asian countries. Founding the Asian values and at the same time understanding the difference could help and able to give suggestions in the future cultural, social, economic exchange. This study's goals are first to proving validity and reliability of configuration and measurements of the culture in each country. And second, compare cultural similarities and differences among Korea, China, Philippines, Kazakhstan. As results show, there are some differences of items used in each country to country, but the configuration of the culture, collectivism, power distance, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation could be apply at same concept. Result of comparing culture show there are similarity and difference found among countries. Therefore, for the exchange of students, or later when they are incorporated into the organization, cultural characteristics of the countries are needs to be consider for Korea, China, Philippines, and Kazakhstan.
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