사회적 자본과 소득 관계: 네팔 Tikapur 지역을 중심으로
An Analysis of Social Capital and Income: Focuing on Nepal Tikapur Region
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초록
본 연구는 빈곤문제개발협력연구원의 네팔 Tikapur 지역 조사 데이터를 이용하여 사회적 자본과 소득의 관계를 분석하였다. 최근 사회적 자본의 구성 요인에 따라 소득에 미치는 영향이 달라진다는 연구 결과를 반영하여, 사회적 자본을 결속형 사회 자본과 교량형 사회 자본으로 구분하여 각각 분석하였다. 분석 방법은 사회적 자본과 소득 간의 내생성 문제를 고려하여 도구변수를 활용한 2단계 최소제곱법을 이용하였다. 분석 결과를 요약하면, 결속형 사회 자본은 소득 증대에 긍정적으로 작용하는 것으로 밝혀졌으나, 교량형 사회자본과 소득의 관계는 역-U자형 관계로 나타났다. 이를 통해 지역 발전과 빈곤 감소 전략을 추진할 때 결속형 사회 자본을 증진할 수 있는 다양한 프로그램 개발이 요구된다. 아울러 교량형 사회 자본 구축을 위한 지역 정부, 시민사회, 언론 등의 노력이 뒷받침 되어야 할 것이다.
Abstract
This study analyzed the relationship between social capital and income, asking if social capital, categorized as bonding and bridging, would have a positive impact on income. The study uses a regional survey data produced by the Institute for Poverty Alleviation and International Development(IPAID) and employes two stage least squares(2SLS) method. The results of the analysis suggest that bonding in social capital has a positive effect on income increase, while the relationship between bridge social capital and income shows an inversed-U type relationship. The paper argues that through efforts of local government, civil society, and the media, a further developed programs that promote bonding in social capital would result in regional development and poverty reduction.
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