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한국어판 벡자살사고척도의 신뢰도 및 타당도 연구: 일반 성인 집단을 대상으로

Reliability and Validity of the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS) in Korean Adult Participants

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초록

자살사고는 자살 관련 행동의 주요한 예측변인으로 알려져 왔다. 한국어판 벡자살사고척도는 자살사고의 여부와 심각도를 평가하기 위해개발된 도구이다. 본 연구는 한국 성인 집단을 대상으로 한국어판 벡자살사고척도의 심리측정적 속성을 검증하고자 하였다. 연구에 포함된 참가자들은 전국 16개 시도 소재의 지역사회에 거주하는 일반 성인 539명이었으며, 그 중에서 여성의 비율은 71.4%로 나타났다. 내적 일관성과 공존타당도를 검증하였으며, 구조타당도를 검증하기 위해 일련의 분석을 실시하였다. 요인수효의 범위를 탐색하기 위해 카이저 기준, 스크리 검사와 최소계수 요인분석에 기반한 평행분석을 실시하였다. 한국 성인 집단을 대상으로 한 척도의 내적 요인구조를 검증하기위해 탐색적 구조방정식 모형 분석을 실시하였다. 내적 일관성은 우수한 수준으로 확인되었으며 자살사고에 대한 위험요인으로 알려진 우울, 불안, 절망을 측정하는 다른 설문과 유의미한 정적 상관을 나타냈다. 1요인과 2요인 모형에 대한 탐색적 구조방정식 모형 분석 결과, 한국 성인 집단 표본에서 벡자살사고척도는 2요인 구조가 가장 적합한 요인 구조로 나타났다. 각 요인에 부하된 문항들을 고려하여 2요인을각각 (1) 자살에 대한 동기와 (2) 자살에 대한 준비로 명명하였다. 본 연구결과는 한국어판 벡자살사고척도가 한국 일반 성인들의 자살사고를 평가하고 이해하는데 있어 신뢰로운 도구임을 시사한다. 추후 연구에서는 임상 집단과 청소년 집단을 대상으로 이러한 결과가 일반화될 수 있는지 추가적인 검토가 필요하겠다.

Abstract

Suicidal ideation has been identified as one of the major predictors of suicidal behavior. The Korean version of the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (K-BSS) was developed to screen and evaluate the severity of suicidal ideation. The present study was conducted to examine the psychometric properties of the BSS in a sample of 539 community-dwelling general adults (71.4% female) from 16 regions across South Korea. We examined the internal consistency and concurrent validity of the K-BSS, and conducted a series of analyses to evaluate its structural validity. In order to identify the number of factors to retain, Kaiser’s criterion, Cattell’s scree test, and parallel analysis based on Minimum Rank Factor Analysis (PA-MRFA) were applied. Ex￾ploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) was also conducted to determine the internal structure of the K-BSS for Ko￾rean adults. The K-BSS appeared to have strong internal consistency. The concurrent validity based on the correlations with other indicators of suicidal potential–BDI-II, BAI, and BHS– revealed substantial relationships. ESEM analysis of the one￾and two-factor solutions demonstrated that the two-factor structure might be the best-fit model for our sample. Based on the loaded items of each factors, the two factors indicate (1) motivation and (2) preparation, respectively. These findings suggest that the K-BSS might be a reliable instrument for assessing and understanding suicidal ideation in the Korean general population. Future studies in a clinical population and adolescents are necessary to generalize these findings.

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